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Diseases in Biochemistry > Amino Acid Trivia > Flashcards

Amino Acid Trivia Flashcards

2
Q

DM patients have elevated HbA1c. This is formed when blood glucose enters the erythrocytes and glycosylates the e-amino group of ___ residues in Hgb.

A

Lysine

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3
Q

in Ames Test, the reversion of a Salmonella typhimurium mutant requiring ____, to the wild type is detected.

A

Histidine

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4
Q

The iron in heme is linked to the ring nitrogen of this amino acid.

A

Histidine

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5
Q

Bile acids are conjugated with these two amino acids to form secondary bile acids

A

Glycine

Taurine

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6
Q

Propionate is a minor substrate for gluconeogenesis; which arises from beta oxidation of odd numbered fatty acids and oxidation of this amino acid.

A

Isoleucine

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7
Q

Which amino acids can form acetyl Coa / acetoacetyl Coa?

A

A Lighter Lease
(A LyTr LeIs)

Lysine
Tryptophan
Leucine
Isoleucine

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8
Q

In the fasting state, these branched chain amino acids are used by skeletal muscles.

A

“Muscles LIVe fast”
Leucine
Isoleucine
Valine

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9
Q

Creatine phosphate is derived from these three amino acids.

A

“Nice GAMs!” (Gams = muscle = creatine phosphate. :O)

Glycine
Arginine
Methionine

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10
Q

Purine synthesis requires these amino acids.

A

GAG

Glycine
Aspartate
Glutamine

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11
Q

Ceramide is synthesized using which amino acid

A

Serine

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12
Q

This amino acid carries nitrogen from peripheral tissues to the liver.

A

Alanine

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13
Q

Precursor for niacin, serotonin and melatonin

A

Tryptophan

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14
Q

Precursor for melanin, thyroxine, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine

A

Tyrosine
MNEMONIC:
Pare, True Love Does Not Exist To Me.

Phenylalanine > Tyrosine > L-Dopa > Dopamine > Norepinephrine > Epinephrine
Tyrosine, Melanin

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15
Q

Not an amino acid but is an IMINO acid

A

Proline

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16
Q

Sites for O-linked glycosylation in Golgi apparatus

A

Serine

Threonine

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17
Q

Phosphorylation site of enzyme modification; often linked to carbohydrate groups in glycoproteins

A

Serine

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18
Q

Site for N-linked glycosylation in Golgi apparatus

A

Asparagine

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19
Q

Major carrier of nitrogen to the liver from peripheral tissues; “basurero”

A

Glutamine

20
Q

Precursor for glutathion

A

Glutamate

21
Q

Precursor for creatine, urea and nitric oxide

A

Arginine

22
Q

Two amino acids that are commonly found in histones

A

Arginine

Lysine

23
Q

This amino acid is a weak base and has no charge.

A

Histidine

24
Q

Precursor of histamine

A

Histidine

25
Q

These amino acids are CONDITIONALLY non-essential.

A

Arginine - made in the body but in insufficient quantities

Histidine - may be recycled but should be consumed since it is not made at all

26
Q

Used in the diagnosis of folic acid deficiency

A

Histidine

27
Q

HbF has this amino acid instead of His. This leads to higher affinity of HbF to O2.

A

Serine

28
Q

HbM has this amino acid instead of His. This leads to reduced O2 affinity.

A

Tyrosine

29
Q

Collagen is rich in these two amino acids.

A

Proline (facilitates kinking)

Glycine (every third position)

30
Q

In hemoglobin C disease, the hemoglobin variant has ___ in the 6th position instead of glutamate.

A

Lysine

31
Q

Glycine is made from ___ while proline is synthesized from ___.

A

Glycine > Serine

Proline > Glutamate

32
Q

Cysteine while NOT nutritionally essential, is formed from __, which is essential.

A

Methionine

33
Q

All the protein amino acids except ____ undergo transamination.

A

Lysine
Threonine
Proline
Hydroxyproline

34
Q

Ketogenic amino acids

A

Leucine

Lysine

35
Q

Glucogenic + ketogenic amino acids

A

Phenylalanine (F)
Tyrosine (Y)
Tryptophan (W)
Isoleucine (I)

WI-FY

36
Q

GABA uses this amino acid as a raw material.

A

Glutamate

37
Q

Thioethanolamine of CoA and taurine is derived from this amino acid.

A

Cysteine

38
Q

No metabolic defects are associated with catabolism of the following amino acids

A

Asparagine
Asparate
Glutamine
Glutamate

39
Q

These four amino acids share the same transporter in the kidney. Defect in the transporter leads to increased risk of stone formation.

A

Cystine
Ornithine
Arginine
Lysine

Mnemonic: COALIn cystinuria, transporter deficiency leads to increased formation of cystine stones.

40
Q

Polyamines are derived from this amino acid.

A

Arginine

41
Q

11-cis retinaldehyde reacts with ___ residue in opsin to form rhodopsin

A

Lysine

42
Q

Vitamin K is the cofactor for the carboxylation of ___ residues in post-synthetic modification of proteins.

A

Glutamate

43
Q

Pantothenic acid combines with ___ to form the pantotheine moiety in many enzymes.

A

Cysteine

44
Q

A1-antitrypsin has a particular ___ involved in binding to proteases which is oxidized (and inactivated) by smoking.

A

Methionine 358

Diseases in Biochemistry (3 decks)

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