Amino Acids Flashcards
(45 cards)
1
Q
Glycine (molecule)
A
2
Q
Alanine (molecule)
A
3
Q
Valine (molecule)
A
4
Q
Leucine (molecule)
A
5
Q
Isoleucine (molecule)
A
6
Q
Methaionine (molecule)
A
7
Q
Proline (molecule)
A
8
Q
Phenylalanine (molecule)
A
9
Q
Tyrosine (molecule)
A
10
Q
Triptophan (molecule)
A
11
Q
Serine (molecule)
A
12
Q
Threonine (molecule)
A
13
Q
Asparagine (molecule)
A
14
Q
Glutamine (molecule)
A
15
Q
Cysteine (molecule)
A
16
Q
Aspartic acid (molecule)
A
17
Q
Aspartate (molecule)
A
18
Q
Glutamic acid (molecule)
A
19
Q
Glutamate (molecule)
A
20
Q
Arginine (molecule)
A
21
Q
Lysine (molecule)
A
22
Q
Histidine (molecule)
A
23
Q
Glycine (properties)
A
- Gly, G
- nonpolar
- nonaromatic
- non chiral
24
Q
Alanine (properties)
A
- Ala, A
- nonpolar
- hydrophobic
25
Valine (properties)
- Val, V
- nonpolar
- hydrophobic
26
Can cause sickle-cell
Valine
27
Leucine (properties)
- Leu, L
- nonpolar
- hydrophobic
28
Isoleucine (properties)
- Ile, I
- nonpolar
29
Methaionine (properties)
- Met, M
- nonpolar
- less reactive of the 2 AA with S
- in DNA methylation
30
Proline (properties)
- Pro, P
- cyclic nonpolar
- can introduce proline kinks and break up secondary protein structures
- common at turns between peptide strands
- breaks up helical and sheet motifs
31
Phenylalanine (properties)
- Phe, F
- nonpolar
- aromatic
- hydrophobic
- benzyl side chain
32
Tyrosine (properties)
- Tyr, Y
- nonpolar aromatic
- more water soluble than Phe due to polar -OH
- amphipathic
33
Triptophan (properties)
- Trp, W
- nonpolar aromatic
- precursor of serotonin and melatonin
34
Serine (properties)
- Ser, S
- polar uncharged
- often targeted by phosphorylation
- involved in post-translational modifications
- participate in H-bonding
35
Threonine (properties)
- Thr, T
- polar uncharged
36
Asparagine (properties)
- Asn, N
- amide N does not gain/lose protons w/ pH changes
- polar uncharged
37
Glutamine (properties)
- Gln, Q
- amide N does not gain/lose protons w/ pH changes
- polar uncharged
38
Cysteine (properties)
- Cys, C
- prone to oxidation
- 2 cystine residues can form covalent disulfode bonds
- important for tertiary structure
- polar uncharged
39
Aspartic acid (properties)
- Asp, D
- OH (neutral)
- acidic
40
Aspartate (properties)
- anion O-
- predominant form at physiological pH
- hydrophilic
- conjugate base
41
Glutamic acid (properties)
- acidic
- Glu, E
- neutral
42
Glutamate (properties)
- anion
- hydrophilic
- important neural transmitter
- negative charge at physiological pH
- conjugate base
43
Arginine (properties)
- Arg, R
- hydrophilic
- positive charge delocalized
- positively charged
- basic
44
Lysine (properties)
- Lys, K
- positively charged
- basic
- hydrophilic
- can be used in covalent modifications (methylation, acetylation)
45
Histidine (properties)
- His, H
- positively charged
- basic
- hydrophilic
- predominantly neutral at physiological pH
- resonance-stabilized charge
- most basic
