Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

protein syn. inhibitors > aminoglycosides > Flashcards

aminoglycosides Flashcards

1
Q

natural

shatan ka gegu

A 
streptomycin
tobramycin
neomycin
kanamycin
gentamycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

semisynthetic

apna selfish

A 
amikacin
paromomycin
netilmicin
sisomicin
framycetin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

route

A

IV + IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

absorption

A

poor GI
1% absorbed
neomycin given orally for local use
highly polar low lipid solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

freely circulate in blood

A

low plasma protein binding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

distribution

A

poor
poor blood conc.
high conc - middle ear + kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

plasma half life

A

2-3hrs
effect persists for 24hrs - post antibiotic effect
give once daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

excretiom

A

kidney + freely filtered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

metabolism

A

not in body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MOA

A

passive diffusion through outer porin channels
reach periplasmic space
cross cell mem. by active transport ( energy+oxygen dependent rx EDP-1)
BIND TO 30S SUBUNIT
block initiation + terminate + add incorrect AA
inhibit protein syn
bacteriocidal effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

transport inhibited by

A

low pH
anaerobic cond.
Ca++

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

transport promoted by

A

B-lactam drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

KEEP STaPled CaSh in PurSe

A 
klebsiella
enterobacter
e. coli
pseudomonas +proteus
s. agalactaei
TB + talaremia
plague
catarrhalis
shigella 
influenza
providentia 
serratia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

resistance

A

dec. permeation
inactivation of drug
deletion of 30S receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

gentamycin

A 
micromonospora purperae
IV + IM
combination with b lactam drug
g+ /G- active
anaerobes - no activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(G) aerobic g+

A

UTI
meningitis
pneumonia
septicemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

peritonitis

A

peritonial dialysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

inf.

A

p. aeruginosa
MRSA
g- bacilli
burn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

endocarditis

A

enterococcal

with penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

topical

A

ocular inf

inf. burn wounds

21
Q

intrathecal

A

meningitis

g-

22
Q

not recommended

A

g+

23
Q

toxicities

A

nephrotoxicity - 5-35% - reversible - 3-5 days
ototoxicity - irreversible - vesitubular dysfunc.
hypersensitivity
neuromuscular blockade

24
Q

mycobact. inf.

streptomycin

A

IM + IV
TB
other TB drugs
intensive phase

25
Q

non-tuberculous inf.

strep

A

IM

tularemia + plague + brucellosis - zoonotic

26
Q

combination therapy

strep + penicillin

A

enterococcal
endocarditis
streptococcal inf.

27
Q

topical neomycin

A

inf. of skin- burns+wounds+ulcers+dermatosis

ointments- inf. skin lesions - staphylococcal inf

28
Q

oral neomycin

A

preperation of bowel for surgery

29
Q

hepatic coma neomycin

A

prevent encephlopathy

30
Q

kenamycin

A

toxic- parental

peritonial cavity after op.

31
Q

parmomycin

A

parental route
luminal amoebiasis’
visceral leishmaniosis

32
Q

framycetin

A

inf. burns

33
Q

not parental route

too toxic

A

neomycin
parmomycin
framycetin

34
Q

amikacin

A

derivative of kanamycin
resistant- enzyme -degenerate tobramycin + gentamycin
nosocomial + serious + g- + bacilli inf - in hospitals
atypical mycobacteria in AIDS
multidrug resistant strains _ TB

35
Q

tobramycin

A

similar to gentamycin

more active - pseudomonas

36
Q

natilmicin

A

resistant - enzyme - degeneration of gentamycin + tobramycin

used against resistant strains

37
Q

nephrotoxicity

A

time+ conc. dependent
peak b/w 20-40
trough b/w 4-8

38
Q

ototoxicity

A

high conc. in perilymph + endolymph - inner ear
destroy hair cells
maybe permanent
hearing loss - tinitis - dizziness - ataxia

39
Q

toxicity aggrevated by

A
  1. furosemide / ethacrynic acid
  2. elderly patients
  3. more than 5 days
  4. high conc.
  5. renal insufficiency
40
Q

most ototoxic

A

kanamycin, neomycin, amikacin

41
Q

most vesitubulotoxic

A

Streptomycin & gentamycin

42
Q

most nephrotoxic

A

Neomycin
Tobramycin
Gentamicin

43
Q

reversible nephrotoxicity

A 
high conc. renal medlulla
malfunc. 
dec. GFR
protein hyaline granular castes - urine
aggrevate - vancomycin + cyclosporin +amphotericin b
44
Q

neuromuscular blockade

A

antidote; Ca++ gluconate or Neostigmine

45
Q

hypersensitivity

A

streptomycin

46
Q

cns

A

rare
optic nerve damage
neuritis

47
Q

local irritation

A

IM

48
Q

contradictions

A

pregnancy
renal failure
with neuromuscular blockades
known hypersensitivity

protein syn. inhibitors (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions