AML Schalm 68

Question 1

What are the two hallmark laboratory findings of AML?

Answer 1

Bicytopenia or pancytopenia
+/- circulating blasts

Question 2

What is the term for a solid extramedullary AML tumor?

Answer 2

Myeloid sarcoma

Question 3

What is a basic requirement for diagnosis of AML?

Answer 3

At least 20% blasts in blood or bone marrow

Question 4

What are the three types of blasts?

Answer 4

Type I - agranular
Type II- <15 tiny granules
Type III - many granules

Question 5

What are Tracy Stokol’s theee most useful myeloid markers?

Answer 5

CD11b, CD11c, and CD14
CD11b rarely expressed on lymphoid neoplasms, CD11c can be on T cell neoplasms

Question 6

What is Tracy Stokols tip for dual MHCII and CD34 expression?

Answer 6

Lymphoid neoplasms can co-express (B cell more than T cell), but AML often expresses CD34 without MHCII

Question 7

What cytochemical stains may be helpful in diagnosing AML in dogs?

Answer 7

Myeloperoxidase (although monocytic may be neg)
Iba-1 for macrophages and dendritic cells, not been used much (maybe equine?)

Question 8

Should clonality testing be used to differentiate AML from lymphoid neoplasia?

Answer 8

No - AML may show clonal rearrangements of either T or B cell markers