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AUBF 2 > AMNIOTIC FLUID > Flashcards

AMNIOTIC FLUID Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Amniotic fluid is found

A

AMNION

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2
Q

Ultimate source of AF water and solutes

A

Placenta

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3
Q

During 1ST TRIMESTER AMNIOTIC FLUID IS DERIVED FROM

A

MOTHER (35 mL

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4
Q

DURING 2ND TRIMESTER AMNIOTIC FLUID IS DERIVED FROM

A

FETAL URINE

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5
Q

DURING 3RD TRIMESTER THE AMNIOTIC FLUID IS DERIVED FROM

A

Fetus releasess lung fluid

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6
Q

Amniotic fluid is regulated through

A

FETAL SWALLOWING
INTRAMEMBRANOUS FLOW

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7
Q

Function of Amniotic fluid

A
  • cushion for fetus
  • development
  • movement
  • stabilizes temperature
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8
Q

NORMAL VALUE

A

800-1200 mL
- INCREASES throughout pregnancy
- DECREASES before delivery

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9
Q

Increased AF
>1200 mL

A

POLYHYDRAMNIOS

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10
Q

Increased AF is due to

A
  • Decrease fetal swallowing
  • neural tube defect
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11
Q

Decreased AF
>800mL

A

OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS

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12
Q

Oligohydramnios is due to

A
  • Increased fetal swallowing
  • Membrane leakage
  • Urinary tract deformities of fetus
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13
Q

METHOD OF COLLECTION OF AF

A

AMNIOCENTESIS

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14
Q

Maximum volume collected

A

30 mL

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15
Q

Volume discarded to avoid maternal blood, tissue fluid, cell contamination

A

2-3 mL

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16
Q

Amniocentesis is safe to perform around

A

14th WEEK OF GESTATION (early 2nd trimester)

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17
Q

2nd Trimester Amniocentesis is subjected to

A

CHROMOSOMAL STUDIES
(Genetic anomalies, Trisomy 21/Down syndrome)

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18
Q

Used for assessment of FETAL LUNG MATURITY and HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF A NEWBORN

A

3RD TRIMESTER

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19
Q

Amniotic fluid subjected to assessment of FETAL LUNG MATURITY IS TRANSFERRED USING

A

ICE
TEST CANNOT BE DONE ASAP THEN REFRIFERATE

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20
Q

TEST FOR CYTOGENETICS/MICROBIOLOGY

A

Kept at ROOM TEMPERATURE OR BODY TEMPERATURE

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21
Q

TEST FOR HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN

A
  • detects BILIRUBIN
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22
Q

Materials use to protect Bilirubin

A
  • Amber-colored bottle
  • Foil-wrapped bottle
  • Black plastic cover
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23
Q

FERN TEST DETECTS

A

Ruptured Amniotic Membrane (RAM)

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24
Q

FERN-LIKE CRYSTALS ARE COMPOSED OF

A

PROTEIN AND NACI

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25
Other term for HDN
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
26
Destruction of RBC releases RBC degradation product such as
BILIRUBIN
27
Test used for HDN
OD 450
28
Normal absorbance of AF
Increased @365 nm Decreased @550 nm
29
HDN absorbance
Increased @ 450nm
30
Maximum bilirubin absorbance
450 nm
31
Absorbance result are plotted using
LILEY GRAPH
32
Reporting of Liley Graph
Zone I - non affected/mildly affected Zone II - Moderately affected fetus (monitoring) Zone III - Severely affected (intervention)
33
Interferences in OD 450
CHOCOLATE MADE HEAVENLY DENSER Cells Meconium Hemoglobin (peak absorbance @450) Debris
34
PATHOGENICITY RELATED TO NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS
- SPINA BIFIDA (incomplete closing of backbone) - ANENCEPHALY (absence of major portion of brain and scalp)
35
MAJOR PROTEIN PRODUCED BY FETAL LIVER
ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN (AFP)
36
Production of AFP starts
EARLY 18TH WEEK GESTATION
37
AFP is increased or decreased in both AF AND MATERNAL SERUM
INCREASED
38
If the skin fails to close neural tissues, there will be a continuous production of AFP TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
39
SCREENING TEST RESULT FOR NEURAL TUBE DEFECT
Increased AFP: Spina Bifida, Anencephaly Decreased AFP: Down syndrome
40
CONFIRMATORY TEST USES
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE (AChe)
41
Acetylcholinesterase should not be performed when
THERE IS A BLOODY SPECIMEN - may cause false elevation
42
TEST FOR FETAL LUNG MATURITY Reference Method
L/S RATIO Lecithin/Sphingomyelin Ratio
43
Characteristics of Lecithin
- Primary component of lung surfactant - Before and During 35th WEEK: LOW PROD - After 35th WEEK: HIGH PROD
44
SPHINGOMYELIN CHARACTERISTICS
- Produced at a constant rate <35 weeks: Decreased L - Increased S >35 weeks: Increased L - Decreased S
45
REPORTING OF RESULTS (L/S RATIO)
<1.6 L/S = <35 weeks (immature) >2.0 L/S = MATURE (preterm delivery is safe)
46
IMMUNOLOGIC TEST FOR PHOSPHATIDYL GLYCEROL
AMNIOSTAT-FLM
47
Production of PHOSPHATIDYL GLYCEROL IS PARALLEL TO THE PRODUCTION OF ___
LECITHIN
48
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTE OF PHOSPHATIDYL GLYCEROL
ADVANTAGE: not affected by blood and meconium DISADVANTAGE: Phosphatidyl glycerol is DECREASED AMONG DIABETIC MOTHER
49
FOAM TEST / SHAKE TEST (MECHANICAL) PROCEDURE
Amniotic Fluid + 95% ethanol Shake for 15 secs Stand for 15 minutes MATURE LUNG = (+) FOAM/BUBBLES
50
FOAM STABILITY INDEX PROCEDURE
- 0.5 mL AF + Inc. amt 95% Ethanol (0.42-0.55) - Shake 15 secs - stand for 15 minutes
51
POSITIVE RESULT FOR FOAM STABILITY INDEX
MATURE LUNG = FOAM FORMATION @>0.47 tUBE
52
Test that measures friction when particle is diffused
MICROVISCOSITY
53
Microviscosity is measured through
Fluorescence Polarization
54
What is being measured in Micro viscosity test
Surfactant/Albumin ratio
55
Increased surfactant has INCREASED OR DECREASED FRICTION
DECREASED (Surfact is inversely proportional to friction)
56
PRODUCES LUNG SURFACTANT STORED IN THE FORM OF LAMELLAR BODIES
TYPE II PNEUMOCYTES
57
LAMELLAR BODY COUNT METHOD
Impedance and Optical scatter
58
Has same diameter to platelets
LAMELLAR BODIES
59
ADEQUATE FETAL LUNG MATURITY IN LAMELLAR BODY COUNT
>32,000/uL Lamellar body
60
OD 650 nm
Increased Lamellar = Increased OD
61
(> 0.150) in OD 650 nm is equivalent to
L/S Ratio of >2.0 Presence of Phosphatidyl glycerol
62
Most FREQUENT COMPLICATION OF EARLY DELIVERY
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
63
Respiratory distress syndrome is caused by
INSUFFICIENT LUNG SURFACTANT
64
Function of lung surfactant
Allow alveoli to open and close in respiration
65
TEST FOR FETAL AGE DETECTS
AF CREATININE
66
REFERENCE FOR FETAL AGE (CREATININE)
<36 WEEKS = 1.5-2.0 mg/dL 36 WEEKS = >2.0 mg/dL

AUBF 2 (8 decks)

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