Amphibians

Question 1

Tail bone of frog skeleton

Answer 1

Ischium

Question 2

Prehallux of frog skeleton

Answer 2

“Dew claw” on hind limbs

Question 3

Digits on front and back limbs of a frog?

Answer 3

4 on front, 5 on hind

Question 4

Eardrum of frog?

Answer 4

Tympane membrane

Question 5

Where are the vomenne teeth?

Answer 5

Top of frog mouth, w shaped

Question 6

Radioulina on frog skeleton?

Answer 6

Forearm bone

Question 7

Transverse process?

Answer 7

“Ribcage” on trunk of frog

Question 8

Sacral vertebrate?

Answer 8

“Spine” on trunk of frog skeleton

Question 9

Ilium?

Answer 9

“Ribcage” on pelvis of frog skeleton

Question 10

Urostyle?

Answer 10

Fused “spine” on pelvis of frog

Question 11

4 things to transition onto land?

Answer 11

Interlocking vertebrae, hypaxial vs epaxial muscle differentiate, pelvic girdle fuses to vertebrae column, swim bladder into lungs and trachae

Question 12

Where does the cartoid arch artery go?

Answer 12

Head

Question 13

Where do sub clarion flow to and from?

Answer 13

Arms and armpits

Question 14

Where do iliac flow to and from?

Answer 14

Hind legs

Question 15

What is the sinus venous?

Answer 15

Thin, non muscled membrane around heart

Question 16

How many chambers in frog heart?

Answer 16

3

Question 17

Anuran skeleton key features

Answer 17

Pelvis fused to vertebrae (urostyle), muscles act as a lever system

Question 18

Urodelan key skeletal features

Answer 18

No true ribs, more ancestral than Anura

Question 19

Gymnophionian skeletal key features

Answer 19

No true ribs, loss/reduction of limbs, no pectoral nor pelvic girdle

Question 20

The 6 derived and shared characteristics of Amphibians

Answer 20

Cutaneous respiration, operculum colonel la complex, papila amphiborium, green eye rods, pedicellate teeth, levator bulbi muscle

Question 21

Bright color warning is called?

Answer 21

Aposematic coloration

Question 22

Urodelean birth methods?

Answer 22

Viviparious, oviparious, oviviparious, paedomorphy

Question 23

Oviviparious?

Answer 23

Eggs eat unfert eggs, embryo, maternal skins

Question 24

How do baby Gymnophionians feed

Answer 24

Scraping inner lining of mother for milk

Question 25

Paedomorphis types

Answer 25

Progenesis: develop sexually prematurely Neotony: slow somatic development

Question 26

Plethodont?

Answer 26

Lung less salamanders

Question 27

Toads vs Frogs. Scientific grouping, eggs

Answer 27

Toads are Bufonidae and lay in a line. Frogs are Rabidae and lay in a cluster

Question 28

How much more DNA/base pairs do salamanders have?

Answer 28

37x more base pairs then humans

Question 29

Gymnophinorian key features

Answer 29

Phalloderm is the intromittent fertilization organ, eyeless, protrusable tentacles with eye muscles moving them, 2 skull types

Question 30

The 2 Gymnophion skull types

Answer 30

Stegokrotraphy is a complete, thick bony roof. Zygokrotraphy is ancestral

Question 31

What membrane allows for buccal pumping?

Answer 31

Buccopharyngeal membrane

Question 32

Buccal pumping pressure type

Answer 32

Positive

Question 33

What is acordion movement contracting locomotion called

Answer 33

Concertina

Question 34

Male frog: teste vs kindey identification

Answer 34

Both attatched to back wall Kidney is flatter and grey cream Teste is a yellow cream and should be a little bulbous

Question 35

Female frog, oviduct vs ovary identification

Answer 35

Oviduct is yellow cream Ovary should be darker or grey brown

Question 36

Frog skull, bone between the orbitals

Answer 36

Frontoparietal

Question 37

What does the hepatic portal vein do

Answer 37

Collects blood from guts, send to Liver

Question 38

Artery out of heart

Answer 38

Truncus arteriosus