Amphibians and Reptiles

Question 1

Herpetofauna

Answer 1

both amphibians and reptiles

Question 2

biotic vs. abiotic

Answer 2

B- Living
AB- Non-living

Question 3

Ectothermic

Answer 3

outside energy sources to maintain body temp for metabolism and regulatory functions

Question 4

Tetrapods

Answer 4

Snakes, frogs, etc
Snakes have evolutionary lost their legs

Question 5

Frog explosion

Answer 5

Chitrid Fungus

Question 6

Caecilians

Answer 6

legless amphibians

Question 7

amphibians Evolved from

Answer 7

lobe-finned fishes

Question 8

Lobe-finned fishes

Answer 8

Crossopterygians
no gills, primitive lung

Question 9

345 million years ago

Answer 9

Late Devonian Period

Question 10

Amphibian Characteristics of skin

Answer 10

Permeable skin
allows O2 & CO2 transfer
can uptake chemicals in environment

Question 11

Olfaction

Answer 11

Sense of smell
(Amphibians have a good sense of smell)

Question 12

Torpor

Answer 12

a state of dormancy when conditions are unfavorable
(like mammal hibernation)

Question 13

Cold

Answer 13

Hibernation

Question 14

Hot

Answer 14

Estivation

Question 15

Larvae hearts

Answer 15

2-chambered

Question 16

Adult hearts

Answer 16

3-chambered

Question 17

Identified species #

Answer 17

2,375

Question 18

Anura (Salientia)

Answer 18

Frogs and Toads
No tail

Question 19

Caudata (Urodela)

Answer 19

Salamanders
Visible tail

Question 20

Gymnophiona (Apoda)

Answer 20

Caecillians
No legs

Question 21

Trachystoma

Answer 21

Mud eels
Rough mouth

Question 22

Known species of frogs

Answer 22

3500

Question 23

Known species of toads

Answer 23

300

Question 24

Salamander features

Answer 24

only amphibian with tail as an adult

Question 25

Salamander legs

Answer 25

forelimbs and hindlimbs = in length

Question 26

Salamander eggs

Answer 26

Individual eggs in water/land
NO TADPOLE STAGE –> MINI ADULT

Question 27

Caecilians features

Answer 27

TENTACLES- sensory organs
often blind
Body covered by skin and scales

Question 28

Caecilian Reproduction

Answer 28

INTERNAL fertilization
LIVE YOUNG

Question 29

Caecilian body

Answer 29

30 cm to 1.3 m
head and trunk… NO TAIL
Skin and Scales

Question 30

Trachystoma species

Answer 30

3 living species of mud eels or sirens
Eastern United States and Northeastern Mexico

Question 31

True frogs (non suction)

Answer 31

Rana

Question 32

Tree frogs (suction)

Answer 32

Hyla

Question 33

Frogs changing color

Answer 33

Hyla versicolor

Question 34

Paratoid clands

Answer 34

secrete toxins

Question 35

Plethodontid Salamanders

Answer 35

Lungless
Breathe through skin

Question 36

Ambystomatid Salamandars

Answer 36

lungs
aerobic respiration
Mole Salamanders

Question 37

Hellbender Salamanders

Answer 37

Grow to 2ft in USA
Hidden gills
5ft in Japan

Question 38

anamniotic eggs

Answer 38

no shells: gelatinous layers

Question 39

stream breeding

Answer 39

breeding, larvae, and occasional foragign

Question 40

wetland breeding

Answer 40

breeding, larval periods, upland

Question 41

terrestrial breeding

Answer 41

no water for reproduction
no larval stage

Question 42

Defense:

Answer 42

toxins
large # of offspring
noisy squawks when attacked
adaptations to cold

Question 43

Frog spine vertebrae

Answer 43

nine

Question 44

cervical vertebra

Answer 44

end of the spine and allows neck movement

Question 45

Posterior to cervical are…

Answer 45

7 trunk vertebrae

Question 46

posterior to trunk vertebrae…

Answer 46

a single sacral vertebrae that supports hind legs

Question 47

extends from the sacral vertebra

Answer 47

slim bone urostyle

Question 48

Pectoral girdle

Answer 48

form the shoulders connect to front legs

Question 49

True or False:
frogs have ribs

Answer 49

false

Question 50

Maxillary teeth

Answer 50

line the perimeter of the
UPPER JAW

Question 51

Two patches of vomerine teeth

Answer 51

Project from bones on ROOF of mouth