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MSK NPTE > Amputations and Prosthetics > Flashcards

Amputations and Prosthetics Flashcards

1
Q

Syme’s Amputation

A

Surgical removal of the foot at the ankle joint with removal of the malleoli

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2
Q

Transverse tarsal (Chopart’s) Amputation

A

Amputation through the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints, which preserves plantar flexors but sacrifices dorsiflexors which results in an equinus contracture.

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3
Q

Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) Amputation

A

Surgical removal of the metatarsals, which preserves DF and PF.

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4
Q

K-level 0

A

Not eligible for prosthesis - totally immobile

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5
Q

K-level 1

A

Transfers
Ambulation on level surfaces
Fixed cadence
Household ambulator

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6
Q

K-level 2

A

Can ambulate curbs, stairs, uneven surfaces in the community

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7
Q

K-level 3

A

Variable cadence ambulator
Unlimited community ambulator
Prosthetic use beyond simple locomotion

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8
Q

K-level 4

A

Exceeds basic ambulation skills
Exhibits high impact, stress, or energy levels
(child, athlete, active adult)

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9
Q

SACH Component (Solid-Ankle Cushion Heel)

A

Non-articulating with rigid keel (rubber heel wedge) to mimic ankle action by compressing under load in early stance phase

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10
Q

Gait Deviations: Lateral bending

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • prosthesis too short
  • improperly shaped lateral wall
  • high medial wall
  • prosthesis aligned in abduction

User cause:

  • poor balance
  • abduction contracture
  • improper training
  • short residual limb
  • weak abductors
  • pain
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11
Q

Gait Deviations: Abducted Gait

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • prosthesis too long
  • high medial wall
  • poorly shaped lateral wall
  • prosthesis positioned in abduction
  • Inadequate suspension
  • excessive knee friction

User cause:

  • abduction contracture
  • improper training
  • adductor roll
  • weak hip flexors and adductors
  • pain over lateral residual limb
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12
Q

Gait Deviations: Circumducted Gait

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • Prosthesis too long
  • excess knee friction
  • socket too small
  • excessive plantar flexion

User cause:

  • abduction contracture
  • improper training
  • weak hip flexors
  • inadequate knee flexion
  • painful anterior distal residual limb
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13
Q

Gait Deviations: Excessive knee flexion during stance

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • socket set forward in relation to foot
  • excessive dorsiflexion
  • stiff heel
  • prosthesis too long

User cause:

  • knee flexion contracture
  • hip flexion contracture
  • pain anteriorly in residual limb
  • inadequate quad strength
  • poor balance
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14
Q

Gait Deviations: Vaulting

A

Prosthetic Cause:

  • prosthesis too long
  • inadequate socket suspension
  • excessive alignment stability
  • excessive plantar flexion

User Cause:

  • residual limb discomfort
  • improper training
  • fear of stubbing toe
  • short residual limb
  • painful hip/residual limb
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15
Q

Gait Deviations: Rotation of forefoot at heel strike

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • excessive toe-out built in
  • loose fitting socket
  • inadequate suspension
  • rigid SACH heel cushion

User cause:

  • poor muscle control
  • improper training
  • weak medial rotators
  • short residual limb
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16
Q

Gait Deviations: Forward trunk flexion

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • socket too big
  • poor suspension
  • knee instability

User cause:

  • hip flexion contracture
  • weak hip extensors
  • pain with ischial weight bearing
  • inability to initiate knee flexion
17
Q

Gait Deviations: Medial or Lateral Whip

A

Prosthetic cause:

  • excessive rotation of the knee
  • tight socket fit
  • valgus in the prosthetic knee
  • improper alignment of toe break

User cause:

  • improper training
  • weak hip rotators
  • knee instability
18
Q

Amputee Mobility Predictor (AMPPRO)

A

measures ambulatory potential of lower-limb prosthesis users. Balance, gait, and transfers are evaluated as part of the assessment and correlated to a K-level.

*AMPnoPRO - adaptation for users without a prosthetic limb

19
Q

L-Test

A

similar to the TUG test with 3 differences

  1. a 90* turn is performed after the initial three meters
  2. the total length ambulated is 20 meters, not six
  3. four turns are involved
20
Q

Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ)

A

9 analogue scales used to assess satisfaction, well-being, frustration, pain, and residual limb health

21
Q

Orthotics Prosthetics User Survey (OPUS)

A

survey consisting of functional status, quality of life, and satisfaction.

22
Q

Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-revised (TAPES-R)

A

multidimensional instrument designed to examine the psychosocial process involved in adjusting to using an amputation and prosthesis.
4 sections
- activity restriction
- psychosocial adjustment
- satisfaction with prosthesis
- factors influencing health both related to and unrelated to the amputation

23
Q

Endoskeletal shank

A

rigid pylon covered with a material designed to simulate the contour and color of the contralateral limb

24
Q

Exoskeletal shank

A

rigid external frame covered with a thin later of tinted plastic to match the skin color distally

25
Q

Extension assist

A

mechanism that assists the knee joint into extension during the swing phase of gait

26
Q

Myodesis

A

anchoring of muscle tissue or tendon to bone using sutures that are passed through small holes drilled in the bone

27
Q

Myoplasty

A

suturing amputated muscle flaps together over the end of a bone.

28
Q

Osseointegration (endoprosthesis)

A

the process of implanting a prosthetic device directly into the residual limb, which negates the need for a socket component

29
Q

Pistoning

A

inadequate suspension causing translation of the prosthetic limb from the residual limb

30
Q

Pylon

A

the pipe-like structure used to connect the socket of the prosthesis to the foot/ankle components

31
Q

Stance control (safety)

A

a weight activated mechanism that maintains knee extension during weight bearing even if the knee joint is not fully extended

MSK NPTE (15 decks)

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