Amritsar Massacre Consequences

Question 1

What did the details of the Massacre do in Britain?

Answer 1

Divided Common and the Lords in Westminster

Question 2

What did the Lords believe?

Answer 2

They saw Dyer as brave and a courageous upholder of the Raj

Question 3

What did the Commons believe?

Answer 3

Dyer had destroyed all possibility indian cooperation to the Raj

Question 4

What did furious debates lead to in the Commons?

Answer 4

Extreme disapproval of Dyer

Question 5

What did furious debates lead to in the Lords?

Answer 5

Support for Dyer

Question 6

What did Montagu push ahead with?

Answer 6

An inquiry into the massacre
Fearless in its search for the proof

Question 7

What happened 11th November 1919?

Answer 7

Lord Hunter + colleagues arrived at Lahore to ask questions, listen to evidence and reach a conclusion

Question 8

What happened to witnesses as they arrived to give evidence?

Answer 8

They were booed and cheered by the crowd

Question 9

Why did journalists write at length?

Answer 9

Censorship and Martial law had ended

Question 10

What did Dyer admit?

Answer 10

That he would have used machine guns, had continued firing until his ammunition was exhausted

Question 11

What did Dyer also consider?

Answer 11

Razing Amritsar to the ground

Question 12

Why did Dyer punish the Punjabis?

Answer 12

Because they were disobedient

Question 13

What did the Hunter Commission’s Report conclude?

Answer 13

They found no evidence of a conspiracy to overthrow the Raj
- Dyer was roundly censured, but
- O’Dwyer gently reprimanded

Question 14

Who condemned the actions of both men?

Answer 14

The 3 indian members of the Commission

Question 15

What happened to Dyer?

Answer 15

Forced to resign in Delhi, but was unremorseful

Question 16

What did the Ladies of Punjab do?

Answer 16

Expressed gratitude for odwyer

Question 17

What did Dyer insist, arriving in Southampton?

Answer 17

He had acted in accordance with his duty

Question 18

When did the Punjab Sub-Committee of the INC set up its own inquiry?

Answer 18

After the Hunter Committee Report

Question 19

What did the Punjab Sub-Committee examine?

Answer 19

1.7K witnesses + published 650 verified statements

Question 20

What did the Punjab Sub-Committee conclude?

Answer 20

Graphic photographs
= A savage indictment of the way India was governed

Question 21

What was the impact of the Punjab Sub-Committee?

Answer 21

It aroused deep feelings of anger + resentment among Indian subjects of the Raj

Question 22

What was ironic about Raj’s callously brutal response to the Rowlatt Acts?

Answer 22

Situation in 1919 was not dangerous to their rule at all

Question 23

What was Dyer’s reaction like?

Answer 23

His vastly cruel overaction of those defying him about their meetings

Question 24

What did the Massacre lead to for Indians?

Answer 24

They could no longer be benign under British Rule

Question 25

Why was violence so commonly utilised?

Answer 25

An immediate response of panic and anxiety from the British

Question 26

What was Churchills's quote about the event?

Answer 26

"An extraordinary, a monstrous event"

Question 27

What does Churchill's quote emphasise?

Answer 27

The singularity of the event to refrain from tarnishing the image of the Empire

Question 28

What was Churchill's quote about the British?

Answer 28

"This is not the British way of doing business"

Question 29

What did they use Reginald Dyer as?

Answer 29

The scapegoat

Question 30

What made Churchill seem even less sympathetic?

Answer 30

He diverted food stocks away from India, leaving millions starving = Wanted to build stockpiles of food in Europe

Question 31

What did Churchill say about Indian people?

Answer 31

"Beastly people with a beastly religion"

Question 32

What did Dyer being used as the scapegoat mean?

Answer 32

No national guilt as he is sole responsible person for the Amritsar Massacre