An Extended Republic

Question 1

What is an aristocracy?

Answer 1

A government ruled by the best.

Question 2

Define “Eudaimonia.”

Answer 2

Flourishment, or our capacity to flourish.

Question 3

What were the defining characteristics of Classical Republics in Greece and Rome?

Answer 3

1. Government by virtue 2. Valorization of excellence 3. Moderation 4. A belief in politics to better the human condition.

Question 4

What are the 7 cardinal virtues?

Answer 4

The Greek Virtues: 1. moderation 2. courage 3. wisdom 4. justice. The Christian Virtues: 5. faith 6. hope 7. charity

Question 5

What is moderation?

Answer 5

The capacity to offset humanity’s natural inclination toward excess.

Question 6

What is courage?

Answer 6

The capacity to stand up for what is right in the face of danger and risk.

Question 7

What is wisdom?

Answer 7

1. Prudence/phronesis: the capacity to solve problems that are messy 2. Sophia: the capacity to know what is universally true

Question 8

What is justice?

Answer 8

Internal Justice: A soul that is well-ordered or in tune. It is the ability to properly organize one’s soul to do what is right. External Justice: Do right to others.

Question 9

According to the ancients, what is virtue?

Answer 9

1. Placing the community over the self. 2. Excellence.

Question 10

According to the ancients, what is moral virtue?

Answer 10

It is the ability to become and excellent human being

Question 11

How did the Anti-Federalists differ from the Classical Republics?

Answer 11

1. The Anti-Federalists placed greater emphasis about the role of the individual in a communal society. 2. The Anti-Federalist viewed politics as messy and dirty. It should not be Ionized.

Question 12

What form of society and government did the Anti-Federalists endorse?

Answer 12

1. Small (communal) 2. Virtuous 3. Homogeneous

Question 13

Who were the Anti-Federalists?

Answer 13

A group of founders who rejected the proposed Constitution.

Question 14

Who was Publius?

Answer 14

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay

Question 15

Who wrote the Federalist Papers?

Answer 15

Publius

Question 16

Who were the Federalists?

Answer 16

A group of founders who supported the Constitution.

Question 17

What form of government did the Federalists endorse?

Answer 17

1. Large 2. Ambitious 3. Diverse

Question 18

What two things did Publius find the most endangered a democracy?

Answer 18

1. Human Nature 2. Factions

Question 19

According to Madison, how do we tame factions in a democracy?

Answer 19

Control the effects of factions.

Question 20

In Federalist 10, what is the first object of government?

Answer 20

To protect the diversity in the faculties of men. In other words, it means to protect property.

Question 21

According to Madison, the diversity in the faculties of men produce what type of inequality?

Answer 21

“Different degrees and kinds of property”

Question 22

How does an extended republic channel factions?

Answer 22

1. It produces a multitude of interests, preventing one faction from gaining permanent control over the government. 2. It encourages virtuous representatives who are able to see the common good, not the partial interests of factions.

Question 23

How does Publius resolve the potential mod mentality of democracies?

Answer 23

A system of government must separate the citizens from its elected leaders, allowing people of virtue to act on the behalf of the populace.

Question 24

In Federalist 51, can people be trusted to protect democracy?

Answer 24

People are not angels and therefore cannot be fully trusted. So, we need auxiliary precautions (like the separation of powers) to prevent tyranny.

Question 25

What was the Anti-Federalist rebuttal to Federalist claims?

Answer 25

Government needs moderation, harmony, and be connected with its citizens.

Question 26

As stated by Centinel, what were the dangers of the Constitution?

Answer 26

1. It is an unknown experiment that may not work. 2. Public interests can’t be obtained through conflict. 3. A democratic government can’t govern an extended country. 5. It is anti-democratic. 6. It has no Bill of Rights.

Question 27

Who won the fight between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?

Answer 27

The Federalists.