An Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

Module

Answer 1

independent, self-contained unit about a specifc topic

Question 2

Section

Answer 2

set of modules placed in a series that are interdependent

Question 3

Learning Outcomes

Answer 3

educational objectives that use key verbs to target knowledge, comprehension, and specific skills

Question 4

Learning classification scheme

Answer 4

identifies fundamental levels of learning, from lower-order thinking to higher-order skills

Question 5

Respiration

Answer 5

oxygen required for chemical processes obtained from atmosphere and delivered to cardiovascular system; carbon dioxide removed by cardiovascular system

Question 6

Digestion

Answer 6

mechanical and chemical process to convert ingested food into simple absorbable substances

Question 7

Circulation

Answer 7

internal movement and distribution of oxygem, wastes, and digestion products

Question 8

Excretion

Answer 8

undigested food and wastes of metabolism eliminated from body

Question 9

Anatomy

Answer 9

means “a cutting open”; study of the structures of the body and physics relationships among body parts

Question 10

Gross (macroscopic) anatomy

Answer 10

large structures and features usually visible with unaided eye

Question 11

Microscopic anatomy

Answer 11

study of structures that cannot to be seen without magnification

Question 12

Dissectring microscope

Answer 12

can see tissues

Question 13

Light microscope

Answer 13

can see basic cell structure

Question 14

Electron microscope

Answer 14

can see individual molecules

Question 15

Physiology

Answer 15

study of function and how organisms perform vital functions; complex and more difficul to examine than anatomic structures

Question 16

Ea of physiology topics

Answer 16

electrical events within the heart coordinating the heartbeat and pressure changes

Question 17

William Harvey

Answer 17

demonstrated that heart valves worked on same principles as valves in coal mine water pumps

Question 18

Chemical & cellular levels in order

Answer 18

organism level, organ system level, organ level, tissue level, cellular level, chemical level

Question 19

Chemical level

Answer 19

functional properties of molecule determined by shape and atomic components

Question 20

Cellular level

Answer 20

functions depend on organelles (composed of molecultes) and each has a specific function

Question 21

Tissue level

Answer 21

group of cells working together to perform specific functions

Question 22

Organ level

Answer 22

composed of two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions

Question 23

Organ system level

Answer 23

consist of interacting organs

Question 24

Organism level

Answer 24

the highest level of organization; collection or organ systems working together to maintain and health

Question 25

Smooth muscle cell

Answer 25

long and slender for contraction

Question 26

Red blood cells

Answer 26

flattened discs to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 27

Bone cells

Answer 27

maintain bone

Question 28

Fat cells

Answer 28

spherical for fat storage

Question 29

Cells lining digestive tract

Answer 29

shaped for absorption

Question 30

Reproductive

Answer 30

few large oocytes, numerous sperm

Question 31

Nerve cells

Answer 31

some have extensive branching providing huge surgace area for communication

Question 32

Tissues

Answer 32

collections of similar cells and cell products that perform specific functions

Question 33

Histology

Answer 33

the study of tissues

Question 34

Primary tissue types

Answer 34

Epithelial tissue, Connective tissues, Muscle tissue, Nervous tissue

Question 35

Organ system

Answer 35

consists of organs that interact to perform a specific range of functions, often in coordinated fashion

Question 36

Integumentary system

Answer 36

protects the body from environmental hazards; helps control body temp

Question 37

Skeletal system

Answer 37

provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood cells

Question 38

Muscualr system

Answer 38

produces movement; provides support; generates heat

Question 39

Nervous system

Answer 39

provides rapid control and regulation; coordinates activities of other organ systems

Question 40

Endocrine system

Answer 40

secretes chemical messengers; directs long-term changes in other systems

Question 41

Cardiovascular system

Answer 41

transports cells and dissolves materials, including nutrients, hormones, wastes, adn gases to all parts of the body