Anaerobic Respiration and Fermintation Flashcards
What substance does anaerobic respiration use for its final electron acceptor?
Not oxygen. Can yse SO4 ion as an electron acceptor (common in marine prokaryotes).
Define fermentation.
A partial degredation of sugars without oxygen.
What is characteristic of fermentation but not of anaerobic respiration?
Fermentation has NO electron transport chain (or a final electron acceptor).
What are the two types of fermentation?
Alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.
What are the products of alcohol fermentation?
CO2 and ethanol (and ATP from glycolysis)
What are the products of lactic acid fermentation?
Lactate (and ATP from glycolysis)
What happens to the pyruvate in alcohol fermentation?
It is converted to ethanol.
What are the two steps of alcohol fermentation?
1) CO2 is released from the pyruvate, which is converted to the 2-C acetaldehyde. 2) Acetaldehyde is reduced by NADH to ehtanol (which regenerates NAD+ needed for the continuation of glycolysis).
What is the name of the 2-carbon molecule in alcohol fermentation (which forms as a result of decarboxylation)?
Acetaldehyde.
What happens to the pyruvate in lactic acid fermentation?
The pyruvate is REDUCED by NADH to form lactate.
What is special about lactic acid fermentation?
NO carbon dioxide is released–no decarboxylation.
What can cells switch between, respiration-wise?
Cells can switch from aerobic respiration to fermentation.
