Analgesia & Anastheia

Question 2

Changes in preganncy that affect Anasthesia

Answer 2

Question 3

Methods of pain control in labor

Answer 3

• Support during labor
• Non pharmacological methods
• Pharmacological methods

Question 4

Methods of pain control in labor

• Support During Labor

Answer 4

By partner, midwife or doula.

Question 5

Methods of pain control in labor

• Non-Pharmacological Methods

Answer 5

Question 6

Non-Pharmacological methods of pain control in labor

• Techniques that decrease pain stimuli

Answer 6

Question 7

Non-Pharmacological methods of pain control in labor

• Techniques that activate peripheral sensory receptors

Answer 7

Question 8

Non-Pharmacological methods of pain control in labor

• Techniques that enhance descending inhibitory pathways

Answer 8

Question 9

Pharmacological methods of pain control in labor

Answer 9

• Systemic agents (narcotics & sedatives)
• Local & regional anesthesia
• General anesthesia

Question 10

Pharmacological methods of pain control in labor

• Systemic agents (narcotics & sedatives)

Answer 10

Question 11

Systemic agents (narcotics & sedatives)

• Examples

Answer 11

Meperidine (pethidine), Morphine & Fentanyl.

Question 12

Systemic agents (narcotics & sedatives)

• Risks

Answer 12

Question 13

Systemic agents (narcotics & sedatives)

• Antagonist

Answer 13

Naloxone (0.1 mg/kg IM or IV for neonate)

Question 14

Local & regional anesthesia

Answer 14

Question 15

Local & regional anesthesia

• Local infiltration of perineum

Answer 15

For episiotomy

Question 16

Local & regional anesthesia

• Paracervical Block

Answer 16

Rarely used due to associated fetal bradycardia

Question 17

Local & regional anesthesia

• Pudendal Nerve Block

Answer 17

• Provides perineal anesthesia by anesthetizing pudendal n.
• Works well for vaginal delivery & episiotomy repair but doesn’t provide adequate anesthesia for forceps delivery

Question 18

Local & regional anesthesia

• Spinal Anasthesia

Answer 18

Question 19

Uses of Spinal Anasthesia

Answer 19

Useful when maternal participation is no longer needed

• as assisted vaginal delivery, CS & extraction of retained placenta

Question 20

Advantages of Spinal Anasthesia

Answer 20

rapid onset & easier to administer than epidural anesthesia.

Question 21

Complications of Spinal Anasthesia

Answer 21

Question 22

General Anasthesia

Question 23

Uses of General Anasthesia

Answer 23

Question 24

Types of General Anasthesia

Answer 24

• Inhalation anesthetics
• IV anesthetics

Question 25

Types of General Anasthesia - Inhalation anaethesia

Answer 25

Question 26

Types of General Anasthesia - IV Anesthesia

Answer 26

Thiopental & Ketamine.

Question 27

**Aspiration Pneumonitis in Obstetrics** - Incidence

Answer 27

Commonest cause of anesthetic death in obstetrics.

Question 28

**Aspiration Pneumonitis in Obstetrics** - Etiology

Answer 28

Inhalation of acidic gastric contents (PH < 2.5) → severe chemical pneumonitis.

Question 29

**Aspiration Pneumonitis in Obstetrics** - Signs

Answer 29

- Tachypenia, hypotension - Cyanosis, bronchospasm - Ronchi, rales & atelectasis.

Question 30

**Aspiration Pneumonitis in Obstetrics** - Prophylaxis

Answer 30

Question 31

**Aspiration Pneumonitis in Obstetrics** - TTT

Answer 31