Analgesics Part 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is opioid tolerance?
A common physiological result of chronic opioid treatment
What is physical dependence
Physiological adaption of the body to the presence of an opioid
What is the difference between (Opioid Tolerance and Physical dependence) and Psychological dependence (Addiction)
An addiction is a continued craving for an opioid and the need to use the opioid for effects other than pain relief
How does Naloxone help with management of Opioid Overdose
Because it has a stronger affinity to the opioid receptors than opioids
T/F: Do not give a patient experiencing respiratory depression an opioid antagonist if they’re also exhibiting withdrawal symptoms
Regardless of withdrawal symptoms, when a patient experiences severe respiratory depression, an opioid antagonist should be given.
How soon does opioid withdrawal happen in opioid-naive patients?
Occurs in 2 week. As a result they should be weaned off opioids after chronic usage.
Opioid Interactions
Alcohol
Antihistamines
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Promethazine
MAOIs
What is Codeine Sulphate also used as?
An antitussive drug
What is fentanyl?
Synthetic opioid used to treat moderate to severe pain
What is the equivalent of 1mg of IV or IM hydromorphone (Dilaudid)?
7 mg of morphine
When is Methadone the preferred choice?
Opioid of choice for detoxification treatment of opioid addicts in methadone maintenance programs
What is the drug prototype for all opioids?
Morphine sulphate
What is the composition of Percocet
325 mg acetaminophen and 5 mg of oxycodone
Naloxone indication
Cases of suspected acute opioid overdose
What happens if naloxone doesn’t reverse the effects of presumed opioid overdose?
Indicates that the condition may not be related to opioid overdose.
What is the max dosage of acetaminophen that Health Canada is considering changing it to?
2g/day for older adults and those with liver disease
Contraindications of Acetaminophen
Drug allergy
Liver dysfunction
Possible liver failure
G6PD deficiency
Acetaminophen can cause dangerous interactions may occur when taken with _______ and _______________
Alcohol and other drugs that are hepatotoxic
What is the recommended antidote for OD on acetaminophen
Acetylcysteine regimen
What is the indication for Tramadol Hydrochloride?
Moderate to moderately severe pain
What is the composition of Tramacet
325 mg acetaminophen and 37.5 mg tramadol
When is feverfew used?
migraine headaches
menstrual cramps
inflammation
fever
Oral forms of Opioid analgesic should be taken with ______ to minimize gastric upset
Food
What do you do regarding opioids if there is a decline in the patient’s condition or if vital signs are abnormal, especially if the respiratory rate is less than 10 breaths/min
Withhold the dose and contact the physician
