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Analysing visual images Flashcards

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1
Q

what do visual texts offer us?

A

an interpretation of the world around us, not a reflection of it

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2
Q

when they ask how, what must we do?

A

Describe the visual feature  Name the visual technique  Discuss the meaning conveyed

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3
Q

Which frame does this relate to? “How do I respond to this image”

A

Subjective frame, personal response

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4
Q

3 Qs to ask for Subjective frame

A
  1. What do you feel? 2. What does it remind you of? 3. What is the composer conveying in this image about the subject and the times?
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5
Q

Which frame does this relate to? ‘How does the image make meaning?’

A

structural frame, techniques

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6
Q

What is composition about?

A

Whatever is included in a visual text is deliberately placed and there for a reason – find that reason. This is where you have to apply a lot of imagination – what do you think of the different aspects of the picture and how do they make you feel? Are they saying something? Composition also includes all omissions – if something is missing, why is it missing?

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7
Q

What should you ask about composition?

A

what do you think of the different aspects of the picture and how do they make you feel? Are they saying something? Composition also includes all omissions – if something is missing, why is it missing?

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8
Q

What is contrast and what effect can it have?

A

the arrangement of opposite elements –> to create interest, excitement or drama

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9
Q

What does composition include?

A

Layout  Mise-en-scene: What is placed deliberately in the frame Rule of thirds: Top third of frame empowered.  Background: - contextualised background is one which provides a place, time or setting for the viewers - non-contextualised background is one which can be saturated colour and provides less contextual information for viewer

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10
Q

What is Mise-en-scene:

A

What is placed deliberately in the frame

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11
Q

What is the rule of thirds about?

A

Divide image into thirds from the top and sides and look at the placement of people and objects in relation to each other. Anything in top third is usually empowered whereas anything in bottom third is disempowered.

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12
Q

Contextualised background

A

contextualised background is one which provides a place, time or setting for the viewers

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13
Q
  • non-contextualised background
A

is one which can be saturated colour and provides less contextual information for viewers

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14
Q

Which frame does this relate to? ‘How would this image have been received, and how does it reflect its times? ‘

A

Cultural frame, context

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15
Q

Which frame does this relate to? ‘How could this image be read?’

A

Critical frame, representation

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16
Q

What are 10 techniques for visual images?

A
  1. Framing or Composition 2. Salience 3. Gaze 4. Vectors 5. Demand and Offer 6. Angles 7. Shot 8. Colour and lighting 9. Contrast 10.Symbolism and icon
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17
Q

What are the different types of contexts?

A

Historical, social, political, cultural, responder’s context

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18
Q

what question should you ask about context?

A

What is its impact on meaning?

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19
Q

What are 3 main features of the critical frame?

A
  1. Gaps and silences 2. manipulation of image 3. Positioning of responder
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20
Q

Close up shot

A

head & shoulders

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21
Q

What can a background suggest?

A

what is going on contextually

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22
Q

What effect/purpose could a caricature (character w. exaggerated features have)?

A

creating a parody/satire through deliberate distortion

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23
Q

What is chiaroscuro and what does it always create?

A

having contrasting light & dark shades/lighting. Always creates DRAMA

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24
Q

What does chiaroscuro clarify?

A

characteristics of object/idea that’s dark and the object that’s light

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25
Mid shot
upper body of person
26
Long distance shot
full person showing long distance/depth
27
Bird's eye view shot
from a really great distance
28
What does a high angle shot show?
Power/dominance
29
low angle shot shows
weakness/submission/vulnerability
30
What do //diagonals\\ always create and what could they symbolise?
Always create TENSION, could symbolism disorder, weakness/off balance
31
Foreground
front of image
32
background
back of image
33
If there were different colours/ objects in foreground and background what could it create?
contrast
34
what else could having foreground & background create
a relationship with viewer, eg. if person was placed in foreground they would have a closer connection than if person was placed in background (would have a distant relationship)
35
Salient feature/focal point
where eyes first drawn to
36
What do composers use salient features for\>
to emphasise meaning and show main ideas
37
what do you use the rule of 3rds for?
to id important parts of picture
38
What are graphics (a visual image of some kind) often used for?
support written texts, a form of visual language
39
What do captions do?
provide a brief explanation for an image
40
What does the use of colour create
meaning, emotion, symbolism
41
types of colour schemes
1. Monochrome 2. Warm and cool colours
42
Monochrome
shades of a single colour, eg. grayscale (all shades btw black and white)
43
what should you ask about colour?
how does the colour relate to discovery? does it symbolise an emotion that could have led to the discovery?
44
what is sizing (making different objects have dif sizes) used for?
to affect our perception of objects/characters and help us understand them
45
Sizing
a) size of person/object b) level (eg. high: powerful, dominant, low: scared/insignificant)
46
How could sizing relate to discovery?
having a really small person in a large enviro could symbolise the difficulty/effort of physical discovery
47
juxtaposition
the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.
48
what do composers use juxtapositions for?
to prove something to audience
49
Icon
image used to represent person place thing/idea
50
What does body language include?
facial expression, gestures, position of hands/body, posture, proximity to others (proxemics)
51
what could proxemics (social distance btw ppl) indicate?
the relationship of characters to one another
52
What are the different reading paths when looking at an image?
Salience Vectors: Gaze - Demand:  Gaze - Offer:
53
vectors
Vectors: The lines that draw us towards a particular image
54
Gaze - Demand:
The eyes of the image demand out attention
55
Gaze - Demand:
The eyes of the image demand out attention, can show emotion
56
Gaze - Offer:
The person in the frame could be looking beyond the frame. can show intent
57
What are the features of a text in a visual image?
Bold, sketched, fine Font Size Placement Colour
58
Symbolism of red, blue and black
red = passion; blue = peace and tranquillity; black = death or fear
59
Saturation:
The colour could be bleached out – open aperture of the camera lens so too much light floods in.
60
What do lines influence?
mood
61
Wavy line
movement
62
Zigzag line
tension/excitement
63
straight line
order/neat
64
middle ground
btw foreground & background
65
what do narration boxes do
tell reader where they are and what's happening
66
in images what are allusions?
References to other texts and well known images
67
Parody:
An imitative work (caricature/cartoon) designed to mock, comment on, or trivialise an original work
68
negative space
space between and around objects in a photo, parts of image that are left blank
69
what does negative space do?
defines and emphasises main subject of a photo, enhancing its salience. It provides "breathing room", giving your eyes somewhere to rest and preventing your image from appearing too cluttered with "stuff". Helps to create a more engaging composition
70
what do panels do
gives snapshot of most interesting part of story, you have to use imagination to fill in gaps, inviting engagement from audience
71
point of view
angle from which viewer sees objects/scene
72
repetition always creates
emphasis, but in context what effect does it have?
73
What could symbolise innocence?
children, white colour, light tone
74
what could vector indicate?
speed, is object moving to forwards (right) or backwards (left)
75
What could slogans be?
a pun/imperative statement/other
76
What do you do when analysing a visual text?
find 3 techniques. look for first: 1. Framing (where things are placed) 2. Sight lines (where eye's drawn to) 3. Colour
77
What do vertical lines indicate?
structure
78
What do horizontal lines indicate?
calm
79
Visual metaphor
an image that acts as a vehicle to create meaning about another concept/object
80
perspective creates
depth and movement
81
What is linear perspective?
where gradations of line produce depth. linear perspective parallel lines that recede into the distance appear to get closer together or converge.
82
What is linear perspective influence?
if the image looks 2D or 3D, and gives depth
83
How can linear perspective be used?
to indicate how things are orientated,
84
what do parallel and converging lines indicate?
parallel lines: flat surface converging lines: that we see as parallel indicate a surface that recedes in depth.
85
Atmospheric perspective
where gradations of tone produce depth, distance affects the clarity and color tinting of an object
86
features of atmospheric perspective
The blueing and slight blurring indicates that objects are further away giving impression of depth
87
effect of juxtaposition
to create a comparison between two objects/ideas and highlight the contrast between them
88
what is obvious technique in this image?
juxtaposition

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