Analysis Methods In Sport And Exercise Psychology

Question 1

Correlation

Answer 1

Come from Co-relation
Co = two variables
Relation = how much they relate

Looking at how of the variance is shared with second variable - looking at the overlaps which gives the shares variance

Question 2

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 2

If you have a lot of variance shared = large correlation coefficient
If you have just a little of shared variance = small correlation coefficient

Question 3

+ +
- -
+ -
- +

Answer 3

+ + = + (positive relationship)
- - = +
+ - = - (negative relationship)

Question 4

Direction of correction

Answer 4

Positive or negative
Positive relationship leads to positive correlation coefficient
Negative relationship leads to negative correlation coefficient

Question 5

Standardise covariance

Answer 5

Z-score - how to standardise any variable eg to see if they are an outlier or is it close to the mean 
    _
X-X
——
SD

Co

Correlation standardised
Covariance
——————
Standard deviation

Question 6

Correlation coefficient r

Answer 6

A measure of overlap between two variables
r varies from -1 to +1
0 = no relationship
+1 = perfect relationship (the stronger the correlation)
Positive / negative

The bigger the value is the larger the amount of shared variance

Question 7

Asssumption for Pearson’s correlation

Answer 7

Two variables should be measured at the interval or ratio level
Needs to be a linear relationship between the two variables (check through scatterplot)
There should be no significant outliers
Data is normally distributed
Show that data has homoscedasticity (equal value of X for every value of Y

Question 8

Example of a null hypothesis

Answer 8

P = 0; the population coefficient is equal to zero. There is no relationship between Variable X and Variable Y

Question 9

Alternative hypothesis

Answer 9

P ≠ 0; the population correlation coefficient is not equal to zero. There is a relationship between Variable X and Variable Y