Analysis of the Earth and Environment: Statistics important stuff

Question 1

Give and define the diff types of data

Answer 1

Nominal data - type of qualitative data, which has categories. E.g. Maths, Science ,Art , French

Binary data - Data that only has two possible values. Can be Nominal data at the same time.

Ordinal data - data with categories with some kind of order or scale. E.g. Strongly disagree, disagree, Neutral, agree, Strongly agree.

Scale data - Percentage data

Question 2

Define dependant and independent variable

Answer 2

dependent variable is the variable that researcher measures; is called a dependent variable because it is caused by independent variable.

independent variable is the one that the researcher
manipulates.

Question 3

Identify hypothesis and the two types

Answer 3

Hypotheses: Untested statements that specify the relationship
between two or more variables.

H1: Research (Alternative) Hypothesis
What we aim to gather evidence of
Typically that there is a difference/effect/relationship

H0: Null Hypothesis
What we assume is true to begin with
Typically that there is no difference
null can only be rejected if there is enough evidence to doubt it

Question 4

Give the inferential framework

Answer 4

Observations (patterns
Models (Causes)
Hypotheses
Null hypothesis (what we put to test)