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ClinChem Lab 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims > Analytic Techniques and Instrumentation > Flashcards

Analytic Techniques and Instrumentation Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

Energy that eventually makes its way to the outer region of the sun and is emitted away in the form of energy

A

Electromagnetic Radiation

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2
Q

A particle of electromagnetic radiation is known as

A

Photon

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3
Q

Electromagnetic Radiation is spread in the form of

A

Electromagnetic waves

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4
Q

Speed of electromagnetic waves

A

300,000 km/h

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5
Q

Electromagnetic waves are characterized by

A

Wavelength and Frequency

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6
Q

Distance between 2 identical points on consecutive waves

A

Wavelength

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7
Q

Distance between origin and crest

A

Amplitude

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8
Q

number of waves that pass a point per unit of time

A

Frequency

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9
Q

Wavelength x Frequency =

A

Speed

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10
Q

Wavelength is ______ proportional to Frequency

A

Inversely

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11
Q

Energy is ______ proportional to wavelength

A

Inversely

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12
Q

A wave of alternating electric and magnetic fields

A

Light

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13
Q

2 categories of Light

A

Invisible & Visible

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14
Q

Invisible Light examples

A

Infrared
Microwaves
Radio waves
X-ray
Gamma radiation
Ultraviloet

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15
Q

Wavelength of X-ray and Gamma Radiations

A

Shorter than 190nm

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16
Q

wavelength of Ultraviolet

A

190nm - 340nm

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17
Q

Wavelength of visible light

A

340nm - 700nm

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18
Q

Reflected light is aka

A

Transmitted light

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19
Q

White light is aka

A

Polychromatic light

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20
Q

The type of light that our eyes see

A

Reflected light

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21
Q

Type of light that is composed of all the visible colors

A

White light

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22
Q

Visible light that Produces only one color

A

Monochromatic

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23
Q

Color transmitted when Violet is absorbed

A

Yellow

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24
Q

Color transmitted when Indigo is absorbed

A

Yellow

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25
Color transmitted when Blue is absorbed
Orange
26
Color transmitted when Green is absorbed
Red
27
States that the concentration of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of light absorbed and inversely proportional to the logarithm of the light transmitted
Beer-Lamberts Law
28
The relative amount of light passing through the sample is known as
Transmittance
29
Transmittance formula
T = transmitted light / incident light
30
Difference in amount of light transmitted by the blank and the sample
Presence of compound
31
is the relative amount of light absorbed by the samples and is related to transmittance
Absorbance
32
Absorbance is aka
Optical Density
33
Absorbance formula
A = ebc
34
e in absorbance formula is
Molar absorptivity
35
b in absorbance formula is
length of light path/optical path
36
c in absorbance formula is
concentration of analyte
37
is the measurement of the light transmitted by a solution to determine the concentration of the light-absorbing substance in the solution
Spectrophotometry
38
Internal component of spectrophotometry that provides the electromagnetic radiation as visible infrared or ultraviolet light
Light Source
39
Most common light source in spectrophotometry
Incandescent Tungsten
40
3 types of monochromator
Prism Diffraction Gratings Interference Filters
41
Wedge shaped piece of glass, quartz, or sodium chloride that allows transmission of light
Prism
42
Changes in direction of waves that occurs when waves travels to one medium to another
Refraction
43
Aluminized surfaces that has been cut into tiny grooves that can act as a prism and a slit
Diffraction Grating
44
the bending of waves around obstacles and openings
Diffraction
45
Constructed by using two parallel glass plates, which are silvered internally and separated by thin film of dielectric material of different refractive index
Interference Filter
46
Types of Interference
Constructive and Destructive
47
Interference where crest line up together like a perfect fit puzzle resulting to higher amplitude
Constructive Interference
48
Interference where crest and trough meet, resulting in low amplitude
Destructive Interference
49
Exclusion of unwatned light from entering the monochromator
Entrance slit
50
Allows only a narrow beam of the spectrum to pass through the cuvette
Exit slit
51
Used to hold the solution in the instrument whose concentration is to be measured
Cuvette
52
Cuvette for alkaline solutions
Borosilicate glass
53
Cuvette for wavelength below 320nm
Quartz or Plastic
54
Cuvette good at visible regions
Alumino silica glass
55
Cuvette preferable for acidic solutions
Soft glass
56
Converts transmitted light energy into an equivalent amount of electrical energy
Photodetectors
57
Types of photodetectors
Barrier-Layer cell Photoemissive Photomultiplier
58
Least expensive photodetector
Barrier-Layer cell
59
An instrument that provides information about intensity of radiation as a function of wavelength or frequency
Spectrometer
60
Simplest type of absorption spectrometer which is designed to make one measurement at a time at one specified wavelength
Single Beam Spectrophotometry
61
Is a rotating sector of mirror that breaks up or rotates radiation beams
Chopper
62
Measures group 1 metals that contains +1 in charge
Flame Emission Spectrophotometry
63
Specific regions that electrons occupy
Energy shells
64
Cloud-like regions in the energy shells where electrons is found
Orbitals
65
Electrons found at the outermost occupied orbitals of an atom
Valence Electrons
66
The state that valence electrons enter when it absorbs energy
Excited state
67
FE Spectro Breaks up the solution into finer droplets
Atomizer
68
Source of energy that will be absorbed by the atoms to enter the excitation state
Flame
69
Type of burner where the sample is aspirated directly into the flame
Total Consumption Burners
70
Type of burner where the aspirated sample, fuel, and oxidant are thoroughly mixed before reaching the burner opening and then entering the flame
Premix Burner
71
Flame color of Potassium
Violet
72
Flame color of Lithium
Red
73
Flame color of Calcium
Orange
74
Flame color of Sodium
Yellow
75
Flame color of Barium
Lime green
76
Measures group 2 metals with 2+ charges
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
77
What are the 4 analytical techniques
Spectrophotometry Luminescence Chromatography Electroanalytic Methods

ClinChem Lab 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims (4 decks)

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