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Microbiology and Parasitology > ANALYTICAL BALANCE FOR MIDTERMS > Flashcards

ANALYTICAL BALANCE FOR MIDTERMS Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

True or False

Analytical Balances are LABORATORY BALANCES.

A

True

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2
Q

are the most commonly used Laboratory balances in pharmaceutical laboratories due to their precision in measuring minute weights.

A

Analytical Balances

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3
Q

A popular instrument used in High school science lab
activities. They find seldom use in the college level
especially in Higher education Sciences.

A

Triple Beam Balance

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4
Q

All laboratory balances have a certain limit. The lowest amount the balance can detect is called the

A

Limit of Detection

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5
Q

is derived from LOD.
It is the lowest amount that can be measured and reported with confidence

A

Limit of Quantitation

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6
Q

True or False

LOD does not necessarily equate to LOQ. There are standard deviations and margins of error that must be considered. There are also other factors to consider depending on the test conducted.

A

True

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7
Q

Other Laboratory Balances:

A

Precision Balances
Equal Arm Balance
Torsion Balance
Platform scale
Triple Beam Balance

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8
Q

is a highly accurate laboratory balance designed to determine an object’s mass precisely.

A

An analytical balance

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9
Q

A container to bold the sample material for mass measurement.

A

Balance plate (Pan)

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10
Q

Minimizes the influence of airflow on the balance.

A

Anti-draft ring

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11
Q

It is used to rebalance the system and bring it back to neutral (zero)

A

Re-zero or Tare button

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12
Q

It is used to configure the measurement conversion system such that the conversion system can be changed as necessary.

A

Mode button

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13
Q

It is used to activate or deactivate the balance.

A

Power button (on/off button)

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14
Q

It displays various information such as results, errors, information for function settings, and function in progress.

A

Display panel

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15
Q

These enable the balance to be brought to the
reference position. These are moveable legs. The leveling bubble, spirit level, or plumb bob determines the reference position.

A

Level adjustment feet

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16
Q

It helps to open the draft shield to load the object in a balanced plate.

A

Door Handle

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17
Q

These are incorporated into the design of analytical balances to offer protection from outside factors such as air flows and dust that could compromise precision.

A

Draft Shields

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18
Q

Analytical Balances measure mass by ___________ that acts upon the balance pan.

A

measuring the force

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19
Q

Analytical balance measures by force. This is achieved with the help of __________, ___________ and _________

A

electromagnets
null detectors
computer circuitry

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20
Q

The Electromagnetic Servomotor acts as a

A

Force Counterweight

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21
Q

True or False

Electric current required to generate this force is proportional to the weight.

A

True

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22
Q

A ___________ is used to detect when the forces are
equal.

A

Null detector

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23
Q

is the process of adjusting an analytical balance to ensure accuracy and precision of the measurements.

A

Calibration

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24
Q

It is an important step in the maintenance of any laboratory equipment, and should be done regularly to ensure reliable results.

A

Calibration

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25
Two types of Calibration
Internal Calibration and External Calibration
26
Some modern balances come with built-in calibration mechanisms. This allows the balance to self-calibrate without the need for external weights.
Internal Calibration
27
a manual process that requires the user to place an approved set of predefined calibration weights on the balance and set their weight as the standard
External Calibration
28
refers to the degree to which a measured value aligns with the true or accepted value
Accuracy
29
- This is important because it ensures that results are reliable and valid - Fundamental in: research, quality control, and compliance with regulatory standards
Accuracy
30
Factors affecting Accuracy
Environmental Influences User Technique
31
Factors Affecting Accuraccy - improper handling of samples or equipment can introduce errors.
User Technique Handling Practices
32
Factors affecting Accuracy - users must understand how to calibrate instruments properly to maintain accuracy
User Technique CALIBRATION AWARENESS
33
Factors affecting Accuracy - flactuations can affect the density of materials and the performance of measuring instruments.
Environmental Influences Temperature
34
Factors Affecting Accuracy - high humidity can lead to moisture absorption in samples, affecting mass readings
Environmental Influences Humidity
35
Factors Affecting Influences - drafts can cause fluctuations in reading on sensitive instruments
Environmental Influences Air Currents
36
- results may be unreliable, leading to incorrect conclusions
Consequences of Inaccurate Measurements DATA INTEGRITY ISSUES
37
- in industries like pharmaceuticals, inaccuracies can result in costly recalls or regulatory fines
Consequences of Inaccurate Measurements Financial Implications
38
- inaccurate measurements in chemical formulations can pose safety hazards
Consequences of Inaccurate Measurements SAFETY RISK
39
True or False PROPER USE IF ANALYTICAL BALANCE: - ensure the balance is leveled and calibrated before use. - use draft shield to minimize air currents during measurement
True
40
True or False SAMPLE HANDLING: - use clean and dry containers for samples avoid touching samples with bare hands; use gloves or tools.
True
41
TRUE OR FALSE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL - conduct measurements in a controlled environments with stable temperature and humidity levels
True
42
Precautions Before Cleaning: _________: Unplug and turn off the balance before cleaning to avoid electrical hazards. _________: Wear gloves and goggles to protect yourself. _________: Follow the manufacturer' s manual to avoid damage or voiding warranties.
Power Off Protective Gear Refer to Guidelines
43
Cleaning Procedures: _____________: - Clear dust with a soft brush or compressed air. - Wipe surfaces with a mild detergent solution and a lint-free cloth. Dry completely. _____________: - Remove debris with a soft brush or vacuum. - Wipe the chamber with a damp cloth and allow it to dry before use
External Cleaning Internal Cleaning (Weighing Chamber)
44
Handling and Usage: ______________: - Don't exceed the balance’s capacity. _____________ : - Avoid pressure on the pan and center the load. ______________: - Move carefully to avoid shocks or drops.
Avoid Overloading Handle Carefully Minimize Movement
45
Environmental Control: __________: Keep the balance in a stable, vibration- free environment. __________: Close it during weighing to reduce air effects
Stability Use Draft Shield
46
Storage and Maintenance: ____________: Use when not in use to protect from debris. ____________: Keep in a clean, dry area with controlled temperature and humidity. ____________: Calibrate periodically to maintain functionality.
Dust Covers Storage Routine Checks
47
Keypad and Display Care: ____________: Don’t use pens or utensils on the keypad or display.
Avoid Sharp Objects
48
Preparation for Weighing 1. Turn on the balance and allow it to warm up for 30 minutes to an hour. (Highly dependent on the model) May be omitted. 2.Close the doors of the weighing chamber to protect the balance from air currents and dust. 3. Calibrate the balance. (Internally/Externally) 4. Level the balance by adjusting the leveling feet. 5. Tare the balance to zero by pressing the tare button. 6. Wait for the balance to stabilize before placing the sample.
True
49
WEIGHING THE SAMPLE 1. Open the doors of the weighing chamber. 2. Place the sample on the center of the weighing pan. 3. Close the doors of the weighing chamber. 4. Wait for the balance to stabilize before taking the reading. 5. Record the weight.
True
50
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING ANALYTICAL BALANCES - Avoid touching the weighing pan or other parts of the balance with your bare hands. - Do not breathe directly on the balance. - Keep the balance level. - Use clean, dry weighing paper or other appropriate containers for weighing samples.
True
51
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING ANALYTICAL BALANCES - Close the balance doors when weighing. - Do not place the balance near sources of vibration or air currents. - Clean the balance regularly. - Avoid overloading the balance. - Store the weights in the right manner. - Handle the balance with care.
True
52
carbon source for energy
Glucose
53
nitrogen source
Ammonium sulfate
54
- provides magnesium (essential cofactor for enzymes)
Magnesium sulfate
55
Thiamine
Vitamin B1
56
- essential for protein synthesis
L-tryptophan
57
- nitrogen donor in cellular metabolism
L-glutamine
58
- trace element
Zinc sulfate
59
- rich source of vitamins, amino acids, and other growth-promoting factors
Yeast extract
60
Phosphates, acetates, citrates, zwitterion compounds and specific amino-acids are _____ agents. Example: Sodium phosphate (Na₂HPO₄ / NaH₂PO₄)
buffering
61
primary stain in Gram staining, essential for differentiating between Gram-positive (purple) and Gram-negative (colorless before counterstaining) bacteria.
Crystal Violet
62
- counterstain in Gram staining, which colors Gram-negative bacteria pink/red
Safranin
63
- used in simple staining, crucial in identifying cellular morphology and certain organisms
Methylene Blue
64
- frequently used in combination with methylene blue in Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar, to differentiate between lactose fermenters (which appear dark) and non-fermenters (which appear colorless).
Eosin Y
65
- for negative staining, visualization of bacterial capsules by staining the background and leaving cells unstained.
Nigrosin
66
- used in spore staining procedures, such as the Schaeffer-Fulton method, where it stains bacterial endospores.
Malachite Green
67
Eliminating external influences when weighing small samples and using Electromagnetic Forces to provide accurate and precise readings are the main qualities of the instrument.
True
68
Microscopic organisms have mass. There are instance cell cultures will be weighed
True
69
Only sensitive analytical balances can detect this weight. It is through proper care and calibration can we maintain the consistency and accuracy of each and every measurement.
True
70
Enzyme: Lysozome Substrates: ______ Inhibitors: EDTA
Lactose
71
Enzyme: proteinase k Substrates: ______ Inhibitors: Sodium Azide
Starch
72
Enzyme: amylase Substrates: ______ Inhibitors: PMSF
Agarose/Gelatin
73
Enzyme: Lipase Substrates: ______ Inhibitors: Antibiotics (Penicillin, Streptomycin)
p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate (pNPP)
74
Enzyme: ________ Substrates: N/A Inhibitors: N/A
DNAse/RNAse
75
Task/Process: Culture Media Preparation What is Measured: Task/Process: Reagent Measurement What is Measured: Task/Process: Staining Solutions What is Measured:
Nutrients and Components for Media Chemicals and buffers Dyes and Chemicals for Microscopy
76
Task/Process: Biomass Quantification What is Measured: Task/Process: Inoculum Standardization What is Measured: Task/Process: Supplement Formulation What is Measured:
Microbial biomass Cell or spore amounts Trace elements and growth factors
77
Task/Process: Enzyme/Substrate Measurement What is Measured: Task/Process: Dilution Preparation What is Measured: Task/Process: Antibiotic Resistance Research What is Measured:
Enzymes, substrates, inhibitors Stock solutions for serial dilutions Antibiotic quantities
78
What is the maximum weight for the Analytical Balance?
120 grams

Microbiology and Parasitology (2 decks)

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