Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Clinical Therapeutics > Anameia > Flashcards

Anameia Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is HCT

A

Volume of rbc in blood (%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is MCV

A

Average volume of a single rbc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is MCH

A

Average weight of Hb in rbc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is MCHC

A

Average conc of Hb in guven volume of rbc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is reticulocytes

A

Conc of immature rbc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Ferratin

A

Iron storage protein- amount of iron stored in body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is transferrin

A

Plasma iron binding protein for transport anout the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Iron

A

Iron in the blood( least sensitive )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Iron saturation

A

Serum iron : iron binding capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are platelets

A

Cell fragments that function in the clotting system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Causes for increase in Hb loss

A

Haemorrhage
Haemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes for reduction in Hb synthesis

A

Lack of nutrients
Bone marrow failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hb levels anamia

A

Men >15 - less than 130g/L
Women > 15 - less than 120 g/L
Pregnant women - less than 110 g/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Microlytic anaemia

A

MCV <80 fl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Normocytic anamia

A

MCV 80-100 fl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Macrocyclic anaemia

A

MCV > 100 fl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Micro cytic causes

A

Iron deficiency
Body nit producing enough Hb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Normocytic causes

A

Acute blood loss
Chronic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Macrocyctic causes

A

Vit b12 deficiency
Folate deficiency
Hypothyroidism
Drug induced
Alcohol abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Causes of iron deficiency anaemia

A

INCREASE IN BLOOD LOSS
INCREASED DEMANDS
POOR ABSPORPTION
DECREASED INTAKE DUE TO POOR NUTRITION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Signs and symptoms of IDA

Study These Flashcards
A

fatigue
Hair loss
Brittle nails
Pale
Cognitive dysfunction
SOB
Headache
Restless leg syndrome
cold intolerance

22
Q

Investigating IDA

Study These Flashcards
A

FBC - HB- MCV (<80fl)- ferritin <30mcg/l= iron deficiency anamia

23
Q

Iron rich foods

Study These Flashcards
A

Brown rice
Pulses
Beans
Nuts
Seeds
Meat
Fish
Tofu
Eggs
Dried fruits
Dark green leafy vegetables
Iron fortified cereals / bread

24
Q

Treatment for IDA

Study These Flashcards
A

OD dose of 50-100 mg of elemental iron
Continue for 3 months after fe deficiency have been corrected to allow iron stores to be replenished

25
What do you do if yiu get dose related side effects when taking iron supplement s
Lower the dose - ie trie alternative days Take an alternative fe oral prep Parenteral fe Taking supplements with food
26
Iron salt , dose and content of ferrous iron
Ferrous sulphate 200mg. 65mg Ferrous fumerate 200mg. 65mg Ferrous gluconate. 300mg. 35 mg
27
Side effects of iron supplements
GI- N/V , heartburn Constipation and diarrhoea Black stools These are all dose dependant and should settle over time
28
Monitoring needed with IDA
check Hb levels after 4 weeks to asses the response for treatemnt. Once the Hb is in range , continue for a further 3 months to replenish the fe stores
29
Interactions with fe supplemts
THOSE THAT CAUSE REDUCED IRON ABS antacids eg peptac PPI calcium supplements THOSE WHOS ABS IS REDUCED DUE TO IRON levothryoxine Antibiotics like doxycycline and ciprofloxacin Bisphosphonates Give at separate administration times
30
Examples of iv iron preps
Ferinject Venofer
31
How is dose calculated for iv fe
Based on weight and Hb
32
Options for Iv fe
Cannot tolerate oral fe Severe anaemia Around the time of an operation Hameodialysis
33
What happens if you leave IDA Untreated ?
Increased risk of infection - lack of fe effects immune system Pregnant women have a high risk of complications before and after birth Symptoms can progress - restless leg syndrome , angina and or heart failure
34
Medical term for iron overload
Haemochromatosis
35
How is haemochromatosis caused
Hereditary condition were excessive amounts of iron are absorbed from food.
36
What can happen If haemochromatosis is not treated
Severe organ damage Premature death - iron deposited in organs
37
What is measured to establish the degree of iron overload
Ferritin
38
What is levels in Vit b12 deficiency
2-3mg
39
What is levels in folate deficiency
10-12 mg
40
How long does Vit b12 def take to present
May take 2-3 years to present as a deficiency
41
How long does it take for folate def to present
Folate stores can deplete in four months
42
Vit b12 def causes
Pernicious anaemia (auto immune dowses affecting stomach ) Malnuturikn Vegan diet Instestinal disease eg chrons disease
43
Folate def causes
Alchohol consumption Malnuturion Increased requirements - pregnancy , chrons disease , malignancy
44
Meds that may cause Vit b12 def
Cochine Metform Ppl CMP
45
Meds that may cause folate def
Folate antagonist = methotrexate , trimethoprim.
46
Other symptoms associated with macrocytic anaemia
Glossitis - inflammation of tongue Anorexia Mild jaundice Gi symtoms - diahrroa
47
Signs and symptoms of Vit b12 def
NUEROLOGICAL visual disturbances Prickly sensation in hands and feet Cognitive changes PHYSCOLGICAL mood swings Depression Physxosis Dementia. Progressive pain numbness , weakness in legs - increase risk in falls
48
Macrolutic anaemia invetsuganyjins
FBC HB MCV ->100fl Low Vit b12- <200ng/L Low folate - < 3mcg/L
49
Vit b12 def management
IM hydroxycobalamin Doses / duration and frequency depends on cause - usually every 2-3 months Side eeffts - diagrroa , neausea, dizziness , IM pain , arrythrmia , chills Neurological recovery can take up to 6 months Diet- meat eggs dairy products sal,on cod foods fortified with Vit b12 eg soy products
50
Folate deficiency management
Folic acid - 5mg daily PO treatemnt required for atleast 4 months Side effects - abdominal distension , naseua , appetite decrease Check Vit 12 levels bedofe starting sms correct this first Diet- brocilli, chickpeas , peas , brown rice Alcohol advice

Clinical Therapeutics (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions