Anaphylaxis

Question 1

What is an anaphylactic reaction?

Answer 1

An anaphylactic reaction is a severe, potentially life-threatening generalised or systemic hypersensitivity reaction

Question 2

What are the 4 main issues that we look for when someone has a potential anayphylactic raection?

Answer 2

1. Airway problem
2. Respiratory difficulty
3. Circulatory issues
4. Skin changes

Question 3

What are the 3 things related to skin changes that you need to look out for?

Answer 3

• Urticarial rash
• Angioedema - lips and eyes
• Erythema

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The most important first-line treatment for anaphylaxis is ______.

Answer 4

IM adrenaline - 0.5ml of 1:1000 (adults)

Question 5

What is the recommended dose of Adrenaline for adults experiencing anaphylaxis?

Answer 5

IM 0.5ml in 1:1000 solution

Question 6

What position should a patient be placed in if they are experiencing anaphylactic

Answer 6

The patient should be placed in a supine position with their legs elevated.

Followed by IVF if hypotensive

Question 7

True or False: Antihistamines are the primary treatment for anaphylaxis.

Answer 7

False - its adrenaline

But manage the main problem first
- Airways MOST important

Question 8

What is the role of antihistamines in the management of anaphylaxis?

Answer 8

Antihistamines can be used to relieve symptoms but are not a substitute for epinephrine.

Question 9

What should be done if symptoms of anaphylaxis do not improve after the first dose of epinephrine?

Answer 9

A second dose of epinephrine may be administered after 5min after if symptoms persist.

Question 10

What is the importance of carrying an epinephrine auto-injector for individuals at risk of anaphylaxis?

Answer 10

It allows for immediate treatment in case of accidental exposure to an allergen.

Question 11

ddx: Name one condition that can mimic anaphylaxis.

Answer 11

Panic attacks or vasovagal syncope.

Question 12

True or False: Anaphylaxis can be fatal if not treated promptly.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

How long should you monitor someone after they have had a anaphylactic shock and what are you monitoring?

Answer 13

6hours - monitor Vital signs and the patient’s response to treatment.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a sign of anaphylaxis?
A) Rash
B) Difficulty swallowing
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above

Answer 14

C) Both A and B

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Anaphylaxis is classified as a type ______ hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer 15

1

Question 16

What is the function of histamine in anaphylaxis?

Answer 16

Histamine causes vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and bronchoconstriction.

Question 17

Short Answer: What is the typical duration of symptoms after an epinephrine injection?

Answer 17

Symptoms usually improve within minutes, but may recur.

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which medication is NOT typically used in the management of anaphylaxis?
A) Corticosteroids
B) Epinephrine
C) Ibuprofen
D) Antihistamines

Answer 18

C) Ibuprofen

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Anaphylaxis may involve the ______ system, resulting in symptoms such as hives or swelling.

Answer 19

cutaneous

Question 20

What is the significance of avoiding known allergens in individuals with a history of anaphylaxis?

Answer 20

To prevent the occurrence of future anaphylactic reactions.