Anarchism

Question 1

Stirner on human nature

Answer 1

fundamentally self interested and individual liberty is sacrosanct

Question 2

Proudhon on human nature

Answer 2

naturally communal

Question 3

Bakunin on human nature

Answer 3

intensely social creatures and prefer collective activities

Question 4

Kropotkin on human nature

Answer 4

social, preferring collective activities

Question 5

Goldman on human nature

Answer 5

individual liberty is needed to be truly free

Question 6

Stirner on society

Answer 6

a false construct
humans are all sovereign

Question 7

Proudhon on society

Answer 7

Mutualism
People are bound by social and economic relations which are mutually beneficial

Question 8

Bakunin on society

Answer 8

Federal
National boundaries would be abolished
Society would be based on cooperation and not competition

Question 9

Kropotkin on society

Answer 9

Stateless society based on small independent and internally democratic communes

Question 10

Goldman on society

Answer 10

believed in economic/gender/race equality

Question 11

Stirner on the state

Answer 11

denies and inhibits individualism, must be abolished

Question 12

Proudhon on the state

Answer 12

State supports capitalism and must be destroyed
preferably by peaceful means but by revolution if necessary

Question 13

Bakunin on the state

Answer 13

state supports capitalism and must be destroyed by revolution

Question 14

Kropotkin on the state

Answer 14

state supports capitalism and must be destroyed by revolution

Question 15

Goldman on the state

Answer 15

state is part of an interlocking set of aspects of oppression, including region and property ownership

Question 16

Stirner on the economy

Answer 16

the accumulation of property and material possession is the primary economic motivation

Question 17

Proudhon on the economy

Answer 17

individuals would trade with each other on a mutually beneficial basis

Question 18

Bakunin on the economy

Answer 18

the free market would be replaced by an exchange based on a system that recognised the true value of labour and goods

Question 19

Kroptokin on the economy

Answer 19

capitalism replaced by a communist society

Question 20

Goldman on the economy

Answer 20

Goldman’s ideas were essentially communist

Question 21

power

Answer 21

from the anarchist viewpoint power is the means or instruments such as the law, the police and the use of ideology, by which the state and other social institutions secure their authority

Question 22

authority

Answer 22

from the anarchist viewpoint, it is the right of 1 person/institution to influence the behaviour of others and is seen as commanding, corrupting and controlling

Question 23

government

Answer 23

from the anarchist perspective, it is a particular system of rule, from monarchism to dictatorship to liberal democracy, based on deceit and violence

Question 24

state

Answer 24

from an anarchist perspective, the state is seen as a sovereign body that exerts total authority over all individuals and groups within its defined geographical limits

Question 25

altruism

Answer 25

concern for the interest and welfare of others based on rational self interest or a belief that humans are social beings with a capacity for social solidarity

Question 26

autonomy

Answer 26

a form of self government or legislation, a combination of freedom and responsibility, in which the individual is not a subject to the will of the state or any other person

Question 27

direct action

Answer 27

a whole range of political actions from non-violent to violent actions taken outside of the legal and constitutional framework

Question 28

syndicalism

Answer 28

revolutionary trade unionism that uses direct action and the mass strike as an expression of the working class power to inspire popular revolt

Question 29

direct democracy

Answer 29

from an anarchist perspective, citizens making law and policy decisions in person rather than through elected representatives in a form of popular, self government

Question 30

solidarity

Answer 30

from an anarchist perspective, a relationship of sympathy, co-operation and harmony between people, which means that they have no need to be regulated by the state and any regulation makes solidarity impossible

Question 31

mutualism

Answer 31

a system of equitable exchange between self governing producers, organised individually or in association and small scale private property based on use/possession

Question 32

collectivisation

Answer 32

the abolition of private property and its replacement by a system of common ownership

Question 33

mutual aid

Answer 33

the most successful species are those that employ solidarity and co-operation rather than individualistic competition

Question 34

insurrection

Answer 34

it is not synonymous with revolution but is rathe egoistic, not a political or social act, that allows individuals to elevate themselves above the established institutions, leaving the establishment to decay and die

Question 35

5 core ideas

Answer 35

rejection of the state economic freedom liberty utopian anarchy is order

Question 36

anarchist ways to overthrow the state

Answer 36

direct action/propaganda by deed acts of violence emerging revolution creating new institutions insurrection

Question 37

insurrection

Answer 37

stirner - process where self interested individuals reject authority and state, they become conscious egoists

Question 38

egoist

Answer 38

stirner - to be totally free, the individual must be utterly autonomous. individuals are sovereign and for liberty to exist individuals must be free of all external obligation/influence

Question 39

anarcho-capitalist

Answer 39

Rothbard/friedman - liberty can only be experienced by the abolition of the state. individuals can then enjoy negative freedom and an atomistic society. the functions of the state (police/education/welfare) would continue via entrepreneurs