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anatomy 1 histology > Anat-1 > Flashcards

Anat-1 Flashcards

learn for exam 1 (86 cards)

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1
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells

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2
Q

Primary types of Tissues

A

Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue

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3
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function

A

lines body surface and forms glands

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4
Q

Apical Surface

A

(unattached) faces the exterior or a lumen

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5
Q

Basal Surface

A

(attached) achored to extracellular fiber-bsal lamina

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6
Q

Epithelial Cell Characteristics

A

cells fit closely together forming sheets (desmosomes+tight junctions)

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7
Q

Epithelial Cell Characteristics

A

Avascular( no blood vessels)

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8
Q

Epithelial Cell Characteristics

A

has a high capacity to regenerate

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9
Q

Connective Tissue Function

A

Supports other tissues

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10
Q

Connective Tissue Characteristics

A

has ground proper and CT proper

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11
Q

CT Proper

A

Specialized dispersed cells that make a network of protein fibers surrounding cell of the Connective Tissue

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12
Q

Ground Substance

A

Extracellular material that varies in consistency to structure and function in Ct

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13
Q

CT Categories

A

CT Proper ( includes stroma of soft organs, tendons and adipose)

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14
Q

CT Categories

A

Supporting CT (includes bone and cartilage)

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15
Q

CT Categories

A

Fluid CT ( includes lymph and blood)

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16
Q

Major CT Cell Types

A 
Fibrocyte,
Adipocyte,
Erythrocyte,
Leukocyte,
Osteocyte,
Chondrocyte
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17
Q

Fibrocyte

A

mature cells that maintain the matrix of CT proper

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18
Q

Adipocyte

A

stores fat in the CT proper (fatty tissue)

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19
Q

Erythrocyte

A

RBC-transports oxygen in blood

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20
Q

Leukocyte

A

WBC- defends against infections

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21
Q

Osteocyte

A

mature cells that maintain the matrix of the bone

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22
Q

Chondrocyte

A

mature cell that maintain the matrix of the cartilage

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23
Q

Muscle Tissue`Definition

A

Contracts to produce motion

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24
Q

Muscle Tissue Types

A

Skeletal,
Cardiac,
Smooth.

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25
Skeletal Tissue
Connected to bones through cartilages
26
Cardiac Tissue
Forms wall of heart
27
Smooth Tissue
lines hollow organs
28
Nervous Tissue
rapidly transmits and processes information
29
Nervous Tissue Characteristics
Contains neurons and neuroglia cells
30
Membrane
a continuous flat multi-cellular sheet that covers or line a body part
31
Membrane types
Epithelial Membrane + Mucus Membrane+
32
Epithelial Membrane def.
made of both epithelial and connective tissue
33
Epithelial Tissue Char.
has a Cutaneous layer that covers the external surfaces of the body (skin)
34
Mucus Membrane def.
Lines the cavities that open to the exterior
35
Mucus Membrane Chara.
Moist membrane that lines the respiratory, digestive and urinary tract.
36
Serous Membrane Def
lines ventral cavities that are closed to the exterior
37
Serous Membrane Chara.
simple squamous on a thin layer of areoalr CT. | ex. pleura, pericardium, or peritoneum
38
Synovial Membrane Def.
lines the inner surface of joint cavities and is made only of connective tissue (no epithelium)
39
Hemostasis
(Clotting) reduces blood loss from damaged blood vessels
40
Inflamation
response of the body to injury works to increase number of leukocytes in the tissue to fight against an infection
41
Inflamation Chara.
provides the 4 cardinals signs of inflammation and Vasodialtion happens
42
Granulation
Fibrolasts from the surrounding connective tissue fill in the wound with a network of extracellular fibers and blood vessels grow forming granulation
43
Remodel
Fibers of connective tissue are reorganized to maximize strength and minimize scarring
44
Regeneration
damage tissue is replace by the same type of tissue
45
Fibrosis
damaged tissue is replaced by scar tissue
46
Simple Epithelial
one layer of epi.
47
Stratified Epithelial
more than one layer of epi.
48
Sudostratified Epithelial
one layer of epi. that looks like two
49
Squamous Epithelial Cell
cell flattened at apical surface
50
Cuboidal Epithelial Cell
cell cube or square-shape at apical surface
51
Columnar Epithelial Cell
cell column-shaped at apical surface
52
Epithelial Types
``` Simple Squamos Epi. Simple Cuboidal Epi. Simple Columnar Epi. Stratified Squamos Epi. Stratified Cuboidal Epi. Stratified Columnar Epi. Pseudostratified Columnar Epi Transitional Epi. ```
53
Simple Squamous def
single layer of flat epi. cells found in alveoli, blood vessels or body cavities
54
Simple Cuboidal Def.
single layered of cubed-shaped cells
55
Simple Squamous Funtion
Diffusion and secretion
56
Simple Cuboidal Funtion
Secretion and Absorption
57
Simple Columnar Def.
single layer of tall cells of oval nuclei, usually with goblet cells
58
Simple Columnar Funtion
absorption and secretion
59
Simple Squamous Loc.
cells found in alveoli, blood vessels or body cavities
60
Simple Cuboidal Loc.
portion of the nephrons of kidney, duct of glands.
61
Simple Columnar Loc.
lines the digestitve tract and uterine tubers.
62
Stratified Squamous Def.
many layers and the cells ar the apical surface are flattened
63
Stratified Squamous Fx.
Secretion
64
Stratified Squamous Loc.
skin, mouth, esophagous, rectum and vagina
65
Stratified Cuboidal Def.
two or more layers of cuboidal cells
66
Stratified Cuboidal Fx.
Secretion
67
Stratified Cuboidal Loc.
lines ducts of sweat glands
68
Stratified Columnar Def.
Apical cells are columnar, cell underneath vary in size and shape
69
Stratified Columnar Fx.
Secretion
70
Stratified Columnar Loc.
Ducts of salivary glands
71
Pseudostratified Def.
single layer of cells where not all cells line in apical surface but all cell have contact with the basal lamina.
72
Pseudostratified Fx.
secretion and propel mucus across cell surface
73
Pseudostratified Loc.
portions of respiratory tract ( larynx, nasal cavity and trachea)
74
Transitional Def.
Numerous layers, basal cells appear cuboidal, apical cells very form a dome shape large cuboidal to wide large squamous
75
Transitional Fx
Stretches to permit distention of urinary organs
76
Transitional Loc.
Lines ureters, urinary bladder and portions of kidney
77
Gland
an organ that secreates chemical substances
78
Endocrine Glands Chara.
Ductless, secreates hormones, expels secreation directly into surrounding tissues.
79
Endocrine Glands Loc
Thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal
80
Exocrine Glands Chara.
expels secretions onto a surface throughout a duct
81
Exocrine glands Loc.
Goblet cells (unicellular-no nucleus), sweat and oil (sebaceous), and skin (multi cellular)
82
Exocrine Glands Branch Classification
Simple or single branched | Compound or branched-out duct
83
Exocrine glands Shape of secretory portion
Tubular alveolar tuboalveolar
84
exocrine tubular shape
elongated tube shape
85
exocrine alveolar shape
expanded pocket or sac shape
86
exocrine tubuloalveolar shape
combination of tube shape with an expanded end.

anatomy 1 histology (1 decks)

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