anat - pharynx and larynx Flashcards
(24 cards)
what is the function of true vocal cords/vocal folds?
sound production
what is the function of false vocal cords/vestibular folds?
protect larynx
which muscle abducts the vocal folds?
posterior cricoarytenoid
what is the function of transverse arytenoid muscle?
adduction of vocal folds
what is the function of lateral crico-arytenoid?
adduction of vocal folds
what muscle increases tension of vocal ligaments?
cricothyroid muscle
which muscles relax vocal ligaments?
thyroarytenoid (aka vocalis muscle)
what artery does internal laryngeal nerve travel with?
superior laryngeal artery
what artery does external laryngeal nerve travel with?
superior thyroid artery
what does internal laryngeal nerve innervate?
sensory innervation above vocal fold
what does external laryngeal nerve innervate?
motor innervation to cricothyroid muscle
what nerve provides motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles (except cricothyroid)?
inferior laryngeal nerve (branch from recurrent laryngeal n.)
what nerve provide sensory innervation below vocal fold?
inferior laryngeal nerve
what artery does inferior laryngeal nerve travel with?
inferior laryngeal artery
what nerve is damaged when there is a loss of afferent cough reflex?
internal laryngeal nerve
what nerve damage leads to monotonous voice (lack of high-pitched voice)?
external laryngeal nerve (innervates cricothyroid muscle)
what nerve damages lead to hoarse voice?
inferior laryngeal nerve (branch of recurrent laryngeal nerve)
what will bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury lead to?
respiratory distress due to paralysis of both posterior cricoarytenoid muscles –> both vocal cords cannot abduct –> closed larynx
what nerve innervates all muscles of soft palate (except tensor veli palatini)?
CNX (vagus nerve)
what nerve innervates tensor veli palatini?
CNV3 (mandibular division of trigeminal branch)
which muscle of the pharynx is not innervated by vagus nerve?
stylopharyngeus (CNIX)
what nerve provides sensation to pharynx?
CNIX glossopharyngeal
what are the structures at risk of injury in a tonsillectomy?
- external palatine vein
- arteries to tonsil (esp tonsillar branch of facial artery)
- CNIX
- internal carotid artery
A child presents to Emergency 24 hours post-tonsillectomy with haematemesis (vomiting of blood). The patient is admitted to hospital as it is suspected that there may have been damage to a major vessel during the operation. The MOST LIKELY artery is a branch of the:
A. anterior ethmoidal artery
B. facial artery
C. lingual artery
D. sphenopalatine artery
E. superior labial artery
B. facial artery
