ANAT Theory

Question 1

How many bones make up the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 1

126 bones

Question 2

What are the two girdles that attach the limbs to the trunk?

Answer 2

• Pectoral girdle
• Pelvic girdle

Question 3

What is the primary function of the pectoral girdle?

Answer 3

Attaches the upper limbs to the trunk

Question 4

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

Answer 4

• Clavicle
• Scapula

Question 5

True or False: The pectoral girdle completely encircles the body.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Where does the medial end of each clavicle articulate?

Answer 6

With the manubrium and first rib

Question 7

What joint is formed at the lateral ends of the clavicles?

Answer 7

Acromioclavicular joint

Question 8

What is the function of the scapula?

Answer 8

Provides attachment for many muscles that move the upper limb

Question 9

What is the glenoid fossa?

Answer 9

Socket of the shoulder joint

Question 10

What is the primary characteristic of the glenoid cavity?

Answer 10

Very shallow, good for flexibility but bad for stability

Question 11

What are the two ends of the clavicle called?

Answer 11

• Sternal end
• Acromial end

Question 12

What is the common cause of clavicle fractures?

Answer 12

Falling on an outstretched arm or hitting the shoulder directly

Question 13

What anatomical feature of the clavicle helps prevent inward fractures?

Answer 13

The curves in the clavicle

Question 14

What are the three borders of the scapula?

Answer 14

• Superior border
• Medial (vertebral) border
• Lateral (axillary) border

Question 15

What are the two angles of the scapula?

Answer 15

• Inferior angle
• Superior angle

Question 16

What muscles are involved in the protraction of the scapula?

Answer 16

• Pectoralis minor
• Serratus anterior

Question 17

What muscles are involved in the retraction of the scapula?

Answer 17

• Trapezius
• Rhomboids

Question 18

What is the anatomical position of the radius and ulna?

Answer 18

Radius is lateral and ulna is medial

Question 19

What joint allows the forearm to bend on the arm?

Answer 19

Hinge joint formed by ulna and humerus

Question 20

What is the major landmark of the ulna responsible for forming the elbow joint?

Answer 20

Olecranon process

Question 21

What structure interconnects the radius and ulna?

Answer 21

Interosseous membrane

Question 22

What is a Colles’ fracture?

Answer 22

Fracture that occurs when falling on an outstretched hand, causing the distal end of the radius to be forced posteriorly

Question 23

What are the three types of bones in the hand?

Answer 23

• Carpals
• Metacarpals
• Phalanges

Question 24

How many carpal bones are there?

Answer 24

Eight

Question 25

List the carpal bones in the proximal row from lateral to medial.

Answer 25

* Scaphoid * Lunate * Triquetrum * Pisiform

Question 26

List the carpal bones in the distal row from lateral to medial.

Answer 26

* Trapezium * Trapezoid * Capitate * Hamate

Question 27

What is the longest and strongest bone of the upper limb?

Answer 27

Humerus

Question 28

What part of the humerus articulates with the scapula?

Answer 28

Head

Question 29

What is the surgical neck of the humerus known for?

Answer 29

Most frequently fractured part of the humerus

Question 30

What are the two condyles at the distal end of the humerus?

Answer 30

* Trochlea * Capitulum

Question 31

What does the radial tuberosity serve as?

Answer 31

Insertion point for biceps brachii muscle

Question 32

What is the arrangement of the carpal bones from lateral to medial?

Answer 32

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Question 33

What are the three types of phalanges?

Answer 33

Proximal, middle, distal

Question 34

What is the term for bones that form the wrist?

Answer 34

Carpals

Question 35

What is the function of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 35

It allows the median nerve to pass through

Question 36

How many metacarpals are there in the hand?

Answer 36

Five

Question 37

What is the significance of the term 'pollex'?

Answer 37

It refers to the thumb

Question 38

Fill in the blank: The _______ nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Answer 38

median

Question 39

What condition is characterized by numbness and tingling in the lateral part of the hand?

Answer 39

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 40

What are the three bones that comprise the pelvic girdle?

Answer 40

Coxal bones, sacrum

Question 41

What joint is formed by the articulation of the ilium with the sacrum?

Answer 41

Sacroiliac joint (SI joint)

Question 42

Which part of the ilium is known for muscle attachment?

Answer 42

Iliac crest

Question 43

True or False: The ischial tuberosities are the strongest part of the hip bone.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

What distinguishes male from female pelvis in terms of structure?

Answer 44

Pubic arch angle

Question 45

What is the function of the acetabulum?

Answer 45

It holds the head of the femur

Question 46

What does the term 'coxal bones' refer to?

Answer 46

Paired hip bones

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the ilium where the greater sciatic notch is located.

Answer 47

ala

Question 48

What is the purpose of the sacrotuberous ligament?

Answer 48

It holds the pelvis together

Question 49

What are the gluteal lines on the ilium used for?

Answer 49

Attachment of gluteal muscles

Question 50

What is the role of the pubic symphysis?

Answer 50

Joins the two pubic bones by fibrocartilage

Question 51

What is a common treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 51

Resting the hand in a splint

Question 52

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the anterior region of the coxal bone.

Answer 52

pubis

Question 53

What is the primary function of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 53

Attaches lower limbs to the spine and supports visceral organs

Question 54

What is the iliac crest?

Answer 54

Thickened superior margin of the ilium

Question 55

What is the function of the hamstrings in relation to the ischial tuberosities?

Answer 55

They attach here