Anatomical Reference System

Question 1

The plane in which the body is seperated into upper and lower parts (superior and inferior)

Answer 1

Transverse Plane

Question 2

The plane in which the body is seperated into front and back parts

Answer 2

Frontal ( Coronal) Plane

Question 3

The plane in with the body is seperated into right and left parts

Answer 3

Midsagittal Plane

Question 4

Ventral

Answer 4

front of the body

Question 5

Dorsal

Answer 5

back of the body

Question 6

Anterior

Answer 6

in front

Question 7

posterior

Answer 7

back

Question 8

Superior

Answer 8

uppermost, above, towards the head

Question 9

Cephalic

Answer 9

toewards the head

Question 10

Caudal

Answer 10

towards the lower part of the body

Question 11

proximal

Answer 11

nearest the midline (midsagittal plane)

Question 12

Distal

Answer 12

farthest from the midline ( midsagittal)

Question 13

Medial

Answer 13

direction towards or nearest the midline (midsagittal)

Question 14

Lateral

Answer 14

direction toward or nerrest the side of the body away from the midline (midsagittal)

Question 15

The Dorsal cavity contains which of the body cavities?

Answer 15

Spinal cavity

Cranial cavity

Question 16

The Ventral Cavity contains which of the body cavities?

Answer 16

Thoracic cavity

Diaphram

Abdominal cavity

Pelvic cavity

Question 17

Located along the back sie of the body and contains the organs of the nervous system

Answer 17

Dorsal Cavity

Question 18

Within the skull , protects the brain

Answer 18

Cranial Cavity

Question 19

within the spinal column, protects the spinal cord

Answer 19

Spinal cavity

Question 20

Located along the front of the body, contains the organs that sustain homeostasis

Answer 20

Ventral Cavity

Question 21

chest cavity or thorax

Answer 21

thoracic cavity

Question 22

formed by the hip bones, contains the organs of the reproductive system

Answer 22

pelvic cavity

Question 23

The basic structure and functional unit of the body

Answer 23

cells

Question 24

A group of similarly specialized cells that join to perform certain specific functions

Answer 24

Tissues

Question 25

Somewhat independent part of the body that performs a specific function

Answer 25

Organs

Question 26

Surrounds and protects the cell contents from external environment

Answer 26

Cell membrane

Question 27

Material within the cell membrane, not part of the nucleus

Answer 27

Cytoplasm

Question 28

Controls activites of the cell

Answer 28

Nucleus

Question 29

Stem cells differ from other cells because of two characteristics, what are they?

Answer 29

1. Unspeciallized cell able to renew themselves for long periods of time (normal cells have specialized roles and die off) 2. May be transformed into cells with special functions such as cells of the heart (heartbeat) or pancreas (insulin production).

Question 30

What are the four main types of tissue and thier functions?

Answer 30

Epithelial Tissue: protective covering for the internal and external surfaces of the body Conncetive Tissue: Support and connect organs and other body tissues Muscular Tissue: Contains cells specialized to contract and relax Nerve Tissue: Contains cells specialized to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses

Question 31

A group of specialized epithelial cells that are capable of producing secretions.

Answer 31

Glands

Question 32

What are the Major types of Glands and their functions?

Answer 32

Exocrine glands: secrete chemical substances into the ducts that lead to other organs or outside of the body Endocrine glands: produce hormones, do not have ducts