anatomical terminology definitions

Question 1

describe standard anatomical position

Answer 1

a human standing, looking forward, palms forward with thumbs out, feet together and pointing forward

Question 2

cranial

Answer 2

the skull

Question 3

post-cranial

Answer 3

everything below the skull

Question 4

axial skeleton

Answer 4

the bones of the trunk: skull, hyoid, vertebrae, sacrum, ribs, and sternum

Question 5

appendicular skeleton

Answer 5

bones of the limbs, including shoulder girdle (clavicle, scapula) and innominates

Question 6

sagittal plane

Answer 6

divides the body into symmetrical right and left halves

Question 7

sagittal plane can also be called

Answer 7

midsagittal, median, or midline

Question 8

coronal plane

Answer 8

divides the body into anterior and posterior halves and is placed at right angles to the sagittal plane

Question 9

coronal plane can also be called

Answer 9

frontal plane

Question 10

transverse plane

Answer 10

slices through the body at any height but always passes perpendicular to the sagittal and frontal planes.

Question 11

transverse plane can also be called

Answer 11

horizontal plane

Question 12

superior

Answer 12

toward the head end of the hominid body

Question 13

inferior

Answer 13

opposite of superior; for hominids, body parts away from the head

Question 14

anterior

Answer 14

toward the front of the hominid body

Question 15

posterior

Answer 15

toward the back

Question 16

dorsal (has 2 options)

Answer 16

1. back of hand, topic of foot
2. towards the back of a quadruped

Question 17

ventral

Answer 17

toward the belly

Question 18

medial

Answer 18

toward the midline

Question 19

lateral

Answer 19

away from the midline

Question 20

proximal

Answer 20

nearest the axial skeleton

Question 21

distal

Answer 21

farthest from axial skeleton

Question 22

palmar

Answer 22

palm side of hand

Question 23

plantar

Answer 23

sole of foot

Question 24

caudal

Answer 24

towards the tail of a quadruped

Question 25

endocranial

Answer 25

inner surface of cranial vault

Question 26

ectocranial

Answer 26

outer surface of cranial vault

Question 27

external

Answer 27

outer, closer to surface

Question 28

internal

Answer 28

inner

Question 29

subcutaneous

Answer 29

just below the skin

Question 30

volar

Answer 30

hallow of hand or foot

Question 31

extrinsic

Answer 31

external to that which it acts upon

Question 32

intrinsic

Answer 32

internal to that which it acts upon

Question 33

superficial

Answer 33

closer to the surface

Question 34

deep

Answer 34

far from surface