Anatomy 1 Flashcards
- Levels of Structural Organization - Homeostasis (16 cards)
5 Levels of Structural Organization
- Chemical (Molecular) Level
- Cellular Level
- Tissue Level
- Organ Level
- System (Organ-System) Level
Chemical (Molecular) Level
Level of Structural Organization
- atoms are the smallest chemical unit
- molecules are collection of atoms
Cellular Level
Level of Structural Organization
- cells are the most basic structural and functional unit
- atoms, molecules, organelles working together
Tissue Level
Level of Structural Organization
- groups of smaller cells working together
- 4 primary tissues [Epithelial; Connective; Muscle; Nervous]
Organ Level
Level of Structural Organization
- groups of different tissues working together
System (Organ-System) Level
Level of Structural Organization
- group of organs working together
- 11 organ systems total
What are the 11 Systems (System Level)
Integumentary Skeletal Nervous Endocrine Reproductive Urinary Digestive Respiratory Lymphatic Cardiovascular Muscle
Component & Function:
INTEGUMENTARY
COMPONENT:
- skin, hair, nails, sweat glands
FUNCTION:
- protection
- body temp regulation
- provides sensory information
Component & Function:
SKELETAL
COMPONENT:
- bones
- cartilages
- associated ligaments
- bone marrow
FUNCTION:
- support & protect other tissue
- stores calcium and other minerals
- forms blood cells
Component & Function:
NERVOUS
COMPONENT:
- brain
- spinal cord
- peripheral nerves
- sense organs
FUNCTION:
- directs immediate response to stimuli
- coordinates organ activities
- gives/interprets sensory information
Component & Function:
ENDOCRINE
COMPONENT:
- pineal gland
- pituitary gland
- thyroid gland
- pancreas
- gonads
- hypothalamus
- thymus
- parathyroid glands
- adrenal glands
- endocrine tissues in other systems
FUNCTION:
- directs long-term changes
- adjusts metabolic activity
- adjusts energy spent by body
- controls structural/functional changes during development
Component & Function:
REPRODUCTIVE
Different for both males and females
- produce sex cells (sperm and oocytes)
- helps with hormone control
- sex organs
- females: assists in development of embryo/fetus
Component & Function:
URINARY
COMPONENTS:
- kidneys
- ureter
- bladder
- urethra
FUNCTIONS:
- to hold/excrete fluid from body
- regulates blood ion concentration + pH
- controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced
Component & Function:
CARDIOVASCULAR
COMPONENTS:
- heart
- blood
- blood vessels
FUNCTIONS:
- distributes water, blood cells, dissolved material
- body temperature
Component & Function:
MUSCLE
COMPONENT:
- skeletal muscle
- associated tendons
FUNCTIONS:
- movement
- protection + support for other tissues
- generates heat that maintains body temp
Component & Function:
LYMPHATIC
COMPONENTS:
- spleen
- thymus
- lymphatic vessels (fluid)
- lymph nodes
- tonsils
FUNCTIONS:
- defends against infection + disease
- returns tissue fluid to the blood stream
