Anatomy

Question 1

Classifications for the respiratory system

Answer 1

Conducting portion and respiratory portion

Question 2

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchiales, terminal bronchioles

Answer 2

Conducting portion

Question 3

Respiratory Bronchiole, aveolar duct, alveolar sac and alveoli

Answer 3

respiratory portion

Question 4

Upper Respiratory tract

Answer 4

Nose and pharynx

Question 5

lower respiratory tract

Answer 5

Larynx, trachea, Bronchi and lungs

Question 6

Active contraction of the diaphragm

Answer 6

inhalation

Question 7

When does the diaphragm flatten

Answer 7

when contracted

Question 8

what elevates the ribs

Answer 8

contraction

Question 9

when does the diaphragm become more domed shaped

Answer 9

when it relaxes

Question 10

Thoracic walls

1. Superior
2. Inferior
3. Lateral
4. Anterior
5. Posterior

Answer 10

1. Superior: Thoracic inlet
2. Inferior: Diaphragm
3. Lateral: ribs
4. Anterior: Manubrium and sternum
5. Posterior: thoracic vertebrae

Question 11

True Ribs:
False ribs: and where they attach
Floating Ribs:

Answer 11

True: 1-7 and vertebra to sternum
False: attach at 7th rib’s cartilage
floating 11-12 only attach at vertebrae

Question 12

Olfaction occurs

Answer 12

in the olfactory mucosa in the superior 1/3 of the nasal cavity

Question 13

Olfaction is caused by

Answer 13

hairlike projections from the olfactory bulb(CN 1) from the cranial cavity to the ethmoid bone

Question 14

what is the cribriform plate

Answer 14

area where the hairlike projections pass through from cranial cavity to the ethmoid bone.

Question 15

Frontal Sinus

Answer 15

Question 16

Ethmoid sinus

Answer 16

Question 17

Maxillary Sinus

Answer 17

Question 18

Boundaries of the nasal cavity
roof
anterior to posterior

Answer 18

Nasal, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

Question 19

Boundaries of the nasal cavity
Floor
anterior to posterior

Answer 19

Maxilla and palatine

Question 20

Boundaries of the nasal cavity
Medial
anterior to posterior

Answer 20

Septal Cartilage, vomer and ethmoid bone

Question 21

Lateral of the nasal cavity

Question 22

3 regions of the pharynx

Answer 22

Nasopharynx, oropharynx and larygngophyrnx

Question 23

Larynx

Answer 23

Know the anatomy

Question 24

Trachea 4 distinct layers

Answer 24

mucosa
submucosa
hyaline cartilage
adventitia

Question 25

what type of rings make uo the hyaline cartilage

Answer 25

16-20c shaped

Question 26

where division occurs in the trachea

Answer 26

carina(internal ridge)

Question 27

Whats the histology of the bronchial tree

Answer 27

Cartilage decrease and smooth muscle increases

Question 28

Sympathetic NS effects on trachea

Answer 28

Relaxation and dilation

Question 29

Parasympathetic NS effects on trachea

Answer 29

contraction and constriction

Question 30

Layers of the pleural

Answer 30

parietal and visceral and are continuous into each other

Question 31

Pleural cavity

Answer 31

space between two layers and has surfactant to reduce surface tension

Question 32

What is the name of the region that makes the left lung 10% smaller

Answer 32

cardiac notch

Question 33

Right lung fissures

Answer 33

horizontal and oblique

Question 34

left lung fissures

Answer 34

oblique

Question 35

Type 1 alveolar cells

Answer 35

thin squamous and main site of gas exchange

Question 36

type II alveolar cells

Answer 36

aka septal cells and contain microvilli and secret alveolar fluid to help prevent collapasation

Question 37

Functions of the kidney system

Answer 37

- Filter blood - regulate blood vol and composition - reg BP - synth glucose and vit D - release of erytroprotien - excreations of wastes - transportions

Question 38

Where is the kidney located

Answer 38

retroperitoneal organ pressed to the posterior abdominal wall T12-L3

Question 39

coverings of the kidney

Answer 39

Capsule-protective Perinephrinc fat-adipose tissues renal fasciae pararenal fat

Question 40

Hilum

Answer 40

transmission of neurovascular structure

Question 41

Cortex is the outermost layers and is granular in appearance has abundant of renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules

Question 42

Medula

Answer 42

Pyramidal shape w/ apex being renal papilla and collecting ducts

Question 43

Parenchyma

Answer 43

functional unit of the kidney made up of nephrons

Question 44

lobes

Answer 44

correct and medulla and half od he adjacent renal columns

Question 45

Renal pelvis

Answer 45

collects urine from major and minor calyces

Question 46

Renal sinus

Answer 46

fat filled cavity surrounding the chalices and renal pelvis

Question 47

Renal Artery --> Segmental Artery --> Interlobular artery --> Arucate artery --> renal vein(s/p caps)

Question 48

What do the cortical nephrons lack

Answer 48

Thin ascending limb | Bowmans capsule, pct, descending loop of(thick only) loop of henle, Ascending loop(thin to thick), DCT, collecting duct

Question 49

Juxramedularry

Answer 49

Bowmans capsule, pct, descending loop of(thick to thin) loop of henle, Ascending loop(thin to thick), DCT, collecting duct

Question 50

Glomerulus

Answer 50

Capillary network w/ afferent(in) and efferent (out) arterioles

Question 51

Calls of glomerulus

Answer 51

Parietal(outer) and Visceral layer(podocytes)

Question 52

When does typical transition of epitiuml of the urinary system

Answer 52

at the minor calyx

Question 53

3 constrains fo the utterer from superior to inferior

Answer 53

UPJ pelvic brim and UVJ

Question 54

Structure of the bladder

Answer 54

Mucosa detrusor muscle adventitia