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urogenital system > anatomy > Flashcards

anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

narrowed location of the ureter?

A

1)pelviureteric/ureteropelvic junction
2)crossed part of external iliac artery
3)intramural part (entrance of the bladder)(narrowest)

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2
Q

…….. forms the ureter

A

pelvis renalis

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3
Q

urether and kidney are

A

retroperitoneal (located behind the peritoneum)

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4
Q

foramen papillae drains into …………….

A

minor calyx

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5
Q

posterior structures of the kidney?

A

diaphragm
right kidney; 12th rib
left kidney; 11 & 12th ribs
+psoas major
+quadratus lumborum
+transversus abdominis
-subcostal n. ,a. ,v.
-iliohypogastric n.
-ilioinguinal n.

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6
Q

location of the LEFT KIDNEY?

A

T11-L2

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7
Q

location of the RIGHT KIDNEY?

A

T12-L3

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8
Q

list the contents of the Hilum of kidney( →from
anterior to posterior)

A

renal vein
renal artery
renal pelvis
branch of renal artery

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9
Q

the renal pelvis is seen in the ……..?

A

renal sinus

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10
Q

what’re the anterior surface neighbors of the right kidney?

A

right lobe of liver
right colic flexure
right right suprarenal gland
descending duodenum
5)jejunum
R.R.R.DD.J

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11
Q

what’re the anterior surface neighbors of the left kidney?

A

left colic flexure
left suprarenal gland
spleen
stomach
tail of pancreas
descending colon
7)jejunum
L.L.S.S.TP.DC.J

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12
Q

which layer of the fascia of the kidney covers the kidney and suprarenal part

A

renal fascia (gerota fascia) (outermost)

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13
Q

what forms the nephron?

A

1)renal corpuscle
2)urinary tubules(henle loop, proxima&distal tubules…etc.)
3)papillary foramen

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14
Q

list the structures that cross POSTERIORLY of the RIGHT abdominal part of the URETER

A

psoas major m.
genitofemoral n.
common iliac artery &v.
external iliac a. &v.

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15
Q

the major calyx drains into the ……..?

A

renal pelvis

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16
Q

list the structures that cross ANTERIORLY of the RIGHT abdominal part of the URETER

A

gonadal (Testicular/ovarian) a.&v.
descending duodenum
iliocolic a.&v.
right colic a.&v.
root of mesentery
G.i.R.D.R

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17
Q

list the structures that cross ANTERIORLY of the LEFT abdominal part of the URETER

A

gonadal (Testicular/ovarian) a.&v.
left colic a.&v.
sigmoid colon
sigmoid mesocolon
G.L.S.S

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18
Q

list the structures that cross the PELVIC part of the ureter

A

umbilical a.
middle rectal a.
obturator a., v., &n.
ductus deferens
uterine a.
U.U.M.O.D.

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19
Q

swelling of the kidney and dilation of the calyces and pelvis is a condition known as ……….. and it occurs in …………… abnormality?

A

hydronephrosis
Supernumerary Renal Arteries

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20
Q

the apex of the female and male bladder hooks onto a ligament called the ………… and connects it to the umbilicus?

A

median umbilical lig (urachus)

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21
Q

the Fundus (base) of the female bladder is related to the ……..?

A

vagina and cervix

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22
Q

the superior surface of the female bladder is related to the ……..?

A

vesicouterine pouch

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23
Q

the neck of the urinary bladder is continuous with the ……….?

A

urethera

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24
Q

the superior surface of the male bladder is related to the ……..?

A

rectovesical pouch

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25
Q

the Fundus (base) of the male bladder is related to the ……..?

A

seminal vesical and ductus deferens

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26
Q

which 2 muscles surround the inferolateral surface of the bladder?

A

obturator internus m.
levator ani m.

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27
Q

which lig. surrounds the prostate gland in males?

A

puboprostatic ligament

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28
Q

which lig. surrounds the neck of the bladder in females and connects it to the pubis?

A

pubovesical ligament

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29
Q

……….. is present between the 2 ureteral openings

A

interureteric crest

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30
Q

arteries of the bladder?

A

Internal iliac a.–>Umbilical a.–>superior vesical a.

Internal iliac a.–>inferior vesical a.
obturator a.
inferior gluteal a.
Internal iliac a.–>vaginal a.
uterine a.
SV.IV. O.V.U.IG.

31
Q

what is the innervations of the bladder?

A

parasympathetic: S2-S4
sympathetic: T11-L2

32
Q

what forms the ejaculatory duct in males?

A

seminal vesical and ductus deferens

33
Q

which part of the male urethra is the widest part?

A

prostatic part

34
Q

the prostate gland drains into

A

prostatic part of the urethra

35
Q

the prostatic duct secretes into the…….?

A

prostatic sinus

36
Q

what drains into the spongy part of the male urethra?

A

bulbourethral (cowper) gland

37
Q

what are the structures of the POSTERIOR wall of the PROSTATIC part of the male urethra?

A

-urethral crest
-prostatic sinus(prostatic duct)
-seminal colliculus (of seminal vesicle)
-prostatic utricle(opening of ejac. duct)

38
Q

the ejaculatory duct drains into?

A

prostatic urethra in males

39
Q

what is the narrowest part of spongy urethra

A

external urethral orifice

40
Q

what is the structure present in the Glans penis?

A

navicular fossa

41
Q

the fundus/base of the bladder is formed by the ………..?

A

interureteric crest

42
Q

what supplies the urinary bladder, seminal vesical, prostate gland, and the vas deferens in males?

A

Internal iliac a.–>inferior vesical a.

43
Q

which artery supplies the urinary bladder in both males and females?

A

Internal iliac a.–>Umbilical a.–>superior vesical a.

44
Q

which part of the male urethra is located in the Deep perineal pouch?

A

membranous part

45
Q

the external urethral sphincter, which is the narrowest part of the urethra, is located in which part of the male urethra?

A

membranous

46
Q

which part of the male urethra is the widest part?

A

prostatic part

47
Q

which part of the male urethra receives the openings of ejaculatory duct and prostatic utricle?

A

prostatic

48
Q

where is the spongy part located in the urethra?

A

bulb of penis and corpus spongiosum

49
Q

the external urethral sphincter, which is in the membranous part of male urethra, is innervated by ………..?

A

(skeletal m; voluntary) pudendal n.

50
Q

the internal urethral sphincter surrounds the ………… part of male urethra?

A

preprostatic part

51
Q

The …………….. is main source of blood supply of penis and prostate of the man.

A

Internal Iliac artery–>internal pudendal artery–> Urethral artery

52
Q

what is the lymphatic drainage of the male urethra?

A

*Inguinal lymph node
internal iliac Ln
sacral Ln

53
Q

what is the innervation of the urether and bladder?

A

pudendal n
sacral splanchnic n
hypogastric plexus (from pudendal)

54
Q

what drains into the vestibule of vagina?

A

vagina and urethra

55
Q

what is the arterial supply of the female urethra?

A

inferior vesical a.
vaginal a.
internal pudendal a.

56
Q

left and right renal arteries are lateral visceral branches of the …………?

A

abdominal aorta

57
Q

in Horseshoe kidney, the caudal ends of both kidneys fuse. this fusion forms an interconnecting bridge that becomes trapped(–> stasis–> infection) behind ………….. artery?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

58
Q

what is the border of the inferolateral surface of the bladder?

A

retropubic space (space of retzius)

59
Q

what is the apex border of the bladder?

A

median umbilical ligament

60
Q

what is the superior border of the male bladder?

A

rectovesical pouch

61
Q

what are the borders of the fundus in male bladder?

A

seminal vesicle and ductus deferens

62
Q

bladder has …….. muscle, which is innervated by …………. nervous system

A

detrusor muscle, innervated by parasympathetic NS

63
Q

When the bladder is full, stretch receptors in its muscular wall stimulate a parasympathetic nervous system response. This results in (contraction/relaxation) of the detrusor muscle of the bladder and (contraction/relaxation) of the smooth muscle of the internal urethral sphincter. Thus allowing outflow of urine into the urethra.

A

contraction
relaxation

64
Q

What Innervates the external urethral sphincter?

A

The pudendal nerve

65
Q

the ……………..NS dilate the internal urethral sphincter, while the ………….NS constricts the internal urethral sphincter

A

parasympathetic
sympathetic

66
Q

Where does prostate cancer spread?

A

lymph nodes
liver
lungs

67
Q

**where does the neck of the bladder drain into?

A

common iliac lymph nodes (+sacral lymph nodes)

68
Q

Where does the prostate drain?

A

internal iliac lymph nodes
and
the sacral lymph nodes.

69
Q

which part of the bladder drains into the internal iliac lymph nodes?

A

inferior parts (The female urethra& fundus)

70
Q

which part of the bladder drains into the external iliac lymph nodes?

A

superior part of the bladder

71
Q

what is the sympathetic innervation of the bladder?

A

T11-L2 (Thoracolumbar spine)

72
Q

what is the parasympathetic innervation of the bladder?

A

pelvic splanchnic nerve or pudendal nerve both of which originate from the sacral nerve(?ask hale oktem)

73
Q

which structure separates the bladder from the uterus in females

A

vesicouterine pouch

74
Q

the ………… crosses the right anteriorvabdominal part of the ureter

A

ductus deferens

urogenital system (11 decks)

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