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EMT Soft tissue injury > Anatomy 131 Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy 131 Lecture 2 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

What are the2 Skeletal Tissue / Connective Tissue

A

Cartilage Tissue and Bone Tissue

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2
Q

What is the primary cell type of cartilage tissue?

A

chondrocyte that comes from chondroblast

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3
Q

What fibers are found in cartilage tissue?

A

collagen and some elastin fibers

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4
Q

what substance are in cartilage tissue

A

mainly water and organic extracellular substance depending on the type of cartilage it is.

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5
Q

What is the function of cartilage tissue?
What are other traits?

A

The function of cartilage tissue is to support, protect and cushion

-Avascular and limited regenerative, surrounded by perichondrium (CT), that assists with growth of the cartilage and resist outward expansion when there’s pressure

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6
Q

What is the primary cell for bone?

A

The primary cell is osteocyte that comes from osteoblast

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7
Q

What is in bone tissue?

A

Inorganic salts (Calcium phosphatte)

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8
Q

What fibers are bone made of?

A

Collagen fiber

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9
Q

What is the function of bone?

A

The same as cartilage, but it also stores mineral and forms blood cells also known as hematopoiesis.

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10
Q

What other traits does bone have?

A

highly vascular and very regenerative.

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11
Q

What are the three types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

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12
Q

What is the function of hyaline cartilage?

A

SRR
support
resilient flexible cushion
resist repetitive stress

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13
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage located?

A

articular surface of bone,
sternal end of ribs (costal cartilage)
nasal septum
larynx & trachea
fetal skeleton

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14
Q

What is the function of fibrocartilage?

A

RR
resist compressive force
resist strong tensile forces

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15
Q

What is the structure of hyaline cartilage?

A

Rich in collagen fibers
Chondroblasts produce the matrix, when mature lie in lacunae and are called chondrocytes

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16
Q

Where is fibrocartilage located?

A

outer covering of intervertebral discs,
connecting symphyses,
articular disc (menisci of the knee)
some ligaments and tendon

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17
Q

What are the structure of hyaline cartilage?

A

less firm then hyalin,
contains thick collagen fibers
chondrocytes are parallel with collagen bundle

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18
Q

What is the function elastic cartilage?

A

The function of is to maintain the shape of the structure
Tolerate repetitive bending

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19
Q

Where is the elastic cartilage located?

A

pinna ear
auditory tubes
epiglottis
larynx

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20
Q

What is the structure of elastic cartilage?

A

elastin fibers and collagen fibers

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21
Q

What is the growth of cartilage?

Study These Flashcards
A

Appositional growth and interstitial growth

22
Q

What is appositional growth?

Study These Flashcards
A

Chondroblasts in the perichondrium start producing matrix at the periphery of the cartilage and then differentiate into chondrocytes

23
Q

What is interstitial growth?

Study These Flashcards
A

Chondrocytes divide within their lacunae. New chondrocytes transform into chondroblasts and secrete more matrix, which increases the mass of the cartilage
= denser cartilage

24
Q

What is the function of bone?

Study These Flashcards
A

support
movement
protection
mineral storage
hematopoiesis
energy storage
energy metabolism –> produce hormone osteocalcin

25
What are the two bone types?
Compact bone and Spongy Bone
26
What is the structure of compact bone?
Dense outer layer of bone 80% of the mass of our skeleton site for calcium storage
27
What is the structure of spongy bone?
cancellous or trabecular bone found at the ends of long bones porous and vascular red bone marrow yellow bone marrow
28
Muscle Tissue
Osteon = haversian system which has the artery with capillaries, vein, nerve fiber --> lamellae --> collagen fibers
29
Osteon
nerve, vein artery --> centralaversion canal --> canaliculi---> lamellae --> osteocyte in lacuna
30
muscle cells/fibers
myoblasts, multinucleated, sarcolemma, sarcoplasm myofibrils - sarcoplasm --> sarcoplasmic reticulum sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubules
31
sarcomere
makes up myofibrils and contains myfilament (actin and myosin) ZHZ disc IAI band
32
sarcomere contraction & sliding filament theory
zone of overlap short sarcomere is long zone of overlap is long and sarcomere is short
33
Muscle actions
primary mover is agonist more (biceps secondary mover synergist less antagonist muscle that can oppose (triceps
34
types of contraction
isometric --> length remains the same isotonic --> cocentric = action shorten and eccentric = cannot
35
4 types of bone cells
osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteoid, osteocytes, osteoblasts
36
lamellae
outer, interstitial and concentric
37
early development
embryonic period is 8 weeks fetal which is 9th week to birth prenatal is both
38
1st week
0hr = fertilization of egg and sperm 2nd day = blastomeres 3rd day= enters uterine cavity 4th day= blastogenesis --> trophoblast, embryoblast 6th day = implantation
39
cleavage
embryoblast, blastocyst cavity, tryphoblast
40
6th day implantation
trophoblast erodes into uterine wall and hypoblast is developed at the 2nd week
41
2nd week
hypoblast primordium of amniotic cavity embryoblast differentiate into amnioblasts and epiblasts, hypoblast lines trophoblast --> bilaminar embryonic disc disc is the developing embryo which is made of hypoblast and epiblast chorionic cavity
42
gastrulation
3 germ layer : hypoblast --> endoderm, epiblast and hypoblast --> mesoderm, remaining epiblast --> ectoderm
43
notochord
primary inductor, form cellular tube
44
germ layer
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
45
notochord
defines the axis of the embryo
46
mesoderm patterning
fills the space everywhere but the mouth, anal and notochord
47
body folding
fold in median and horizontal planes, cranial fold=foregut, caudal fold=hindgut, lateral fold=midgut
48
three region of mesoderm
paraxial --> longitudinal intermediate --> thins out laterally lateral --> makes surround heart, lung and abdominal and pelvic organs
49
neurulation
primary induction: neural tube = brain and spinal cord, neural crest cranial, spinal and autonomic ganglia
50
integumentary system

EMT Soft tissue injury (3 decks)

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