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Anatomy Flashcards

(110 cards)

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1
Q

The study of body structure

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

The study of the function of the body’s organs

A

Physiology

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3
Q

The relative consistency of the body’s internal enviornment

A

Homeostasis

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4
Q

What is the simplest level of the body’s structure?

A

Chemical

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5
Q

What are the simplest units of all matter?

A

Atoms

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6
Q

What are the 4 most common atoms in the human body?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

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7
Q

What is created when atoms bond together?

A

Molecules

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8
Q

What is created when molecules join together?

A

Organelles (cell parts)

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9
Q

What is created when organelles combine?

A

Cells

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10
Q

What is considered to be the smallest living units of the human body?

A

Cells

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11
Q

What is created when similar types of cells form together?

A

Tissues

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12
Q

What forms when 2 or more tissue types combine?

A

Organs

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13
Q

Organs arrange to form what?

A

Organ systems

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14
Q

Organ system arrange to form what?

A

Organism

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15
Q

What are the 4 tissue types in the body?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

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16
Q

What type of tissue covers the body and most organs?

A

Epithelial

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17
Q

What are the 3 things lined by epithelial tissue?

A

Tubes, hollow organs, and body cavities

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18
Q

What cells make up glandular tissue?

A

Cells that make and secrete substances

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19
Q

What is the term for a gland that secretes its product into a duct?

A

Exocrine gland

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20
Q

What is the term for a gland that secretes its product into fluid or blood?

A

Endocrine gland

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21
Q

What does the term avascular mean?

A

Lacking blood vessels

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22
Q

What does the term mitotic mean?

A

Dividing constantly

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23
Q

Why is epithelial tissue mitotic?

A

To preserve structure during rapid growth

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24
Q

What are the 3 main functions of epithelial tissue?

A

Protection, absorption, and secretion

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25
What is the most abundant tissue in the body?
Connective tissue
26
What separates the loosely packed cells of connective tissue?
A matrix
27
What cells are responsible for secreting collagen and making fibers?
Fibroblasts
28
What cells are responsible for secreting substances that promote inflammation (such as histamine) to damaged tissue?
Mast cells
29
What type of cells destroy unwanted material such as bacteria?
Macrophages
30
What are the 5 types of connective tissue?
Blood, bone, cartilage, dense, and adipose (fat)
31
What is the purpose of cartilage?
To give shape to structures
32
What makes up the discs between vertebrae?
Cartilage
33
What protects the ends of long bones?
Cartilage
34
What connects bone to bone?
Ligaments
35
What connects muscles to bones?
Tendons
36
Ligaments and tendons are what kind of connective tissue?
Dense
37
What type of connective tissue makes up the skins dermis and fills in damaged skin to create a scar?
Dense
38
What type of cells store fats?
Adipocytes
39
What type of connective tissue stores energy, cushions, and insulates?
Adipose
40
What is a type of tissue that contracts and relaxes?
Muscle
41
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, visceral (smooth), and cardiac
42
What type of tissue is striated, voluntary, and attached to the skeleton?
Skeletal
43
What type of muscle tissue is located in the walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, and the dermis?
VIsceral (smooth)
44
What type of muscle tissue is striated, involuntary, and in the heart?
Cardiac
45
What type of tissue is located in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves?
Nervous
46
Nervous tissue specializes in sending impulses (electrical messages) to what?
Neurons, muscles, and glands
47
What are the 2 types of cells contained in nervous tissue?
Neurons and neurological cells
48
Which cell transports impulses and what cells acts as support?
Neurons transport and neurological cells support
49
What is the definition of anatomical terms?
Describe the location of body parts/regions
50
What are the 11 systems in the body?
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
51
What anatomical term means above or close to the head?
Superior (cranial)
52
What anatomical term means below or close to the feet?
Inferior (caudal)
53
What anatomical term means toward the front of the body?
Anterior (ventral)
54
What anatomical term means toward the back of the body?
Posterior (dorsal)
55
What anatomical term means close to the midline?
Medial
56
What anatomical term means farther from the midline?
Lateral
57
What anatomical term means close to a point of attachment or trunk of the body?
proximal
58
What anatomical term means farther from a point of attachment of the trunk of the body?
Distal
59
What anatomical term means close to the surface of the body?
Superficial
60
What anatomical term means farther internal?
Deep
61
What is the purpose of body cavities?
To house and protect organs
62
What are the 2 largest body cavities?
Dorsal and ventral
63
What are the 2 divisions of the dorsal cavity?
Cranial and spinal
64
What are the 2 divisions of the ventral cavity?
Thoracic and abdominopelvic
65
What muscle separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
Diaphragm
66
What 4 things are contained in the thoracic cavity?
Lungs, heart, esophagus, and trachea
67
What is the technical term for your voicebox?
Larynx
68
What are the 2 divisions of the abdominopelvic cavity?
Superior abdominal and inferior pelvic
69
What are the 7 things contained in the abdominal cavity?
Stomach, intestines, gallbladder, liver, spleen, kidneys, pancreas
70
What 2 things are contained in the pelvic cavity?
Reproductive organs and bladder
71
What is the anatomical term for ear?
Otic
72
What is the anatomical term for nose?
Nasal
73
What is the anatomical term for mouth?
Oral
74
What is the anatomical term for neck?
Cervical
75
What is the anatomical term for shoulder?
Acromial
76
What is the anatomical term for armpit?
Axillary
77
What is the anatomical term for breast?
Mammary
78
What is the anatomical term for upper arm?
Brachial
79
What is the anatomical term for abdomen?
Abdominal
80
What is the anatomical term for front of elbow?
Antecubital
81
What is the anatomical term for forearm?
Antebrachial
82
What is the anatomical term for wrist?
Carpal
83
What is the anatomical term for palm?
Palmar
84
What is the anatomical term for finger?
Digital
85
What is the anatomical term for reproductive organs?
Genital
86
What is the anatomical term for front of knee?
Patellar
87
What is the anatomical term for leg?
Crural
88
What is the anatomical term for ankle?
Tarsal
89
What is the anatomical term for head?
Cephalic
90
What is the anatomical term for forehead?
Frontal
91
What is the anatomical term for eye cavity?
Orbital
92
What is the anatomical term for cheek?
Buccal
93
What is the anatomical term for chin?
Mental
94
What is the anatomical term for chest?
Pectoral
95
What is the anatomical term for sternum?
Sternal
96
What is the anatomical term for navel?
Umbilical
97
What is the anatomical term for hip?
Coxal
98
What is the anatomical term for groin?
Inguinal
99
What is the anatomical term for foot?
Pedal
100
What is the anatomical term for back of head?
Occipital
101
What is the anatomical term for spinal column?
Vertebral
102
What is the anatomical term for back?
Dorsum
103
What is the anatomical term for lower back?
Lumbar
104
What is the anatomical term for elbow?
Cubital
105
What is the anatomical term for buttocks?
Gluteal
106
What is the anatomical term for between hips?
Sacral
107
What is the anatomical term for perineum?
Perineal
108
What is the anatomical term for thigh?
Femoral
109
What is the anatomical term for back of knee?
Popliteal
110
What is the anatomical term for sole of foot?
Plantar

Pre-nursing (4 decks)

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