Anatomy

Question 1

Name this anatomical feature

Answer 1

Right anterior cerebral artery

Question 2

Name this anatomical feature

Answer 2

Right posterior cerebral artery

Question 3

What is deep vein thrombosis?

Answer 3

A blood clot within the deep veins

Question 4

What does varicose veins mean?

Answer 4

Abnormally swollen superficial veins

Question 5

Name this anatomical feature

Answer 5

External jugular vein (which is superficial)

Question 6

Name this anatomical feature

Answer 6

Internal jugular vein (which is deep)

Question 6

What does dorsal mean?

Answer 6

The posterior surface (e.g. wrist, hand, tongue and foot)

Question 7

What is the name for the under surface of the tongue?

Answer 7

Ventral surface

Question 7

What is adduction movement?

Answer 7

Movement towards the median plane

Question 8

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 8

12

Question 9

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 9

7

Question 10

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 10

5

Question 11

How many sacral vertebrae are there?

Answer 11

5 - fused to form one sacrum

Question 12

How many coccygeal vertebrae are there?

Answer 12

4 - fused to form one coccyx

Question 13

How many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 13

2 (superior and inferior)

Question 14

How many lobes does the right lung have?

Answer 14

3 (superior, middle and inferior)

Question 15

In an upright patient, which lobe of which lung will foreign bodies most commonly be inhaled into and why?

Answer 15

The lower lobe of the right lung because the bronchus of the right lung are wider, shorter and more vertical

Question 16

What is the mediastinum?

Answer 16

The area that lies in between the lungs

Question 17

What are the different divisions of the mediastinum?

Answer 17

Superior and inferior (inferior is then divided into anterior, middle and posterior)

Question 17

Which division of the mediastinum is the heart located?

Answer 17

Inferior middle mediastinum

Question 17

What is the name of the big sack surrounding the heart?

Answer 17

Pericardium

Question 17

What is haemopericardium?

Answer 17

When the pericardium (the big sack surrounding the heart) fills up with blood and can lead to an increased pressure that prevents cardiac contraction

Question 18

What are the 2 layers of the pericardium?

Answer 18

Outer layer - fibrous pericardium (tough, thick and protective)
Inner layer - serous pericardium (visceral is around the heart and parietal layer is lining the fibrous layer

Question 19

What are the three layers of tissue of the heart?

Answer 19

External - epicardium (visceral serous pericardium)
Middle - myocardium (muscle layer)
Internal - endocardium

Question 20

What is a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Answer 20

Irreversible death (necrosis) of part of the heart muscle (myocardium) due to blockage of its arterial blood supply - heart attack

Question 21

Where does the coronary sinus drain into?

Answer 21

The right atrium

Question 22

Which side of the heart carries venous blood?

Answer 22

The right side

Question 23

Which side of the heart carries arterial blood?

Answer 23

The left side

Question 24

What are the two sides of the heart divided by?

Answer 24

The septum

Question 25

Where does blood from the right side of the heart go?

Answer 25

To the lungs

Question 26

Where does blood from the left side of the heart go?

Answer 26

Into systemic circulation (goes around the body)

Question 27

What are the main vessels that bring deoxygenated blood into the heart from the body called?

Answer 27

The inferior and superior vena cava

Question 28

What is the name of the vessels that take deoxygenated blood away from the heart and into the lungs?

Answer 28

Left and right pulmonary arteries

Question 29

What is the name of the vessels that take oxygenated blood from the lungs into the heart?

Answer 29

Right and left pulmonary veins

Question 30

If a blood vessels name begins with "A" what does that indicate?

Answer 30

It is most likely taking blood "A"way from the heart

Question 31

What is the name of the main vessel that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart and into the rest of the body?

Answer 31

The Aorta

Question 32

What heart chambers do veins bring blood into?

Answer 32

The right and left atrium

Question 33

What is the last chamber that blood sits in before leaving the heart?

Answer 33

The right and left ventricle

Question 34

What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and ventricle in the heart?

Answer 34

The tricuspid valve

Question 35

What is the name of the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk in the heart?

Answer 35

The pulmonary valve

Question 36

What is the name of the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart?

Answer 36

The mitral (bicuspid) valve

Question 37

What is the name of the valve between the left ventricle and aorta in the heart?

Answer 37

The aortic valve

Question 38

What is the name of the pacemaker in the heart?

Answer 38

The sinoatrial node

Question 39

What can take over as pacemaker of the heart if the sinoatrial node has pathology?

Answer 39

The atrioventricular node

Question 40

What makes the "LUB" (first heart sound)?

Answer 40

Closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves

Question 41

What makes the "DUB" (second heart sound)?

Answer 41

Closure of the pulmonary and aortic valves

Question 42

What is the name of the main vessels that supply blood to the head?

Answer 42

Left and right common carotid artery

Question 43

What is the name of the main vessels that take deoxygenated blood from the head back down to the heart?

Answer 43

The internal jugular veins