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MRCOG Part 1 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

What are the borders of the pelvic brim/true pelvis? (3)

A

anterior - pubic symphysis
posterior - sacrum
lateral - arcuate line of ilium

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2
Q

What are the borders of the pelvic outlet? (3)

A

anterior - pubic symphysis
posterior - coccyx
lateral - ischial tuberosities

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3
Q

Give 5 nerves that pass through the greater sciatic foramen

A

Sciatic
Superior gluteal
Inferior gluteal
Pudendal
Posterior femoral cutaneous

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4
Q

Give 3 paired vessels (artery + vein) that pass through the greater sciatic foramen

A

Superior gluteal
Inferior gluteal
Internal pudendal

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5
Q

Which muscle passes through the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Piriformis

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6
Q

Above the arcuate line, which muscles form the anterior wall of the rectus sheath?

A

External oblique & half internal oblique

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7
Q

Which 2 muscles make up the pelvic floor?

A

Levator ani
Coccygeus

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8
Q

Which 3 muscles make up the levator ani?

A

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeal

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9
Q

What is the median umbilical ligament a remnant of?

A

Urachus

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10
Q

What is the medial umbilical ligament a remnant of?

A

Umbilical arteries

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11
Q

What does the inferior epigastric artery branch from?

A

External iliac

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12
Q

What does the ovarian artery branch from?

A

Abdominal aorta

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13
Q

What does the uterine artery branch from?

A

Internal iliac artery, anterior division

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14
Q

What does the vaginal artery branch from?

A

Internal iliac artery

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15
Q

Which 2 (relevant) veins drain into the IVC?

A

Renal vein
Right ovarian vein

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16
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the breast? (2)

A

Axillary
Parasternal

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17
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovary?

A

Para-aortic

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18
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the fallopian tubes?

A

Para-aortic

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19
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the cervix? (2)

A

External iliac
Para-aortic

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20
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterus? (4)

A

Internal iliac
Para-aortic
Lumbar
Superficial inguinalW

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21
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the upper 2/3 of the vagina? (2)

A

Internal iliac
External iliac

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22
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower 1/3 of the vagina?

A

Inguinal

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23
Q

What is the blood supply to the ascending colon and its branch?

A

SMA, right colic

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24
Q

What is the blood supply to the transverse colon proximal 2/3 and its branch?

A

SMA, middle colic

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25
What is the blood supply to the transverse colon distal 1/3 and its branch?
IMA, ascending left colic
26
What is the blood supply to the descending colon and its branch?
IMA, left colic
27
What is the blood supply to the sigmoid colon and its branch?
IMA, sigmoid
28
What is the blood supply to the rectum upper 2/3 and its branch?
IMA, superior rectal
29
What is the blood supply to the rectum lower 2 1/3 and its branch?
Internal iliac, middle rectal
30
What is the blood supply to the anal canal and its branch?
Internal pudendal, inferior rectal
31
What is the arterial supply to the foregut?
Celiac trunk
32
What is the arterial supply to the midgut?
SMA
33
What is the arterial supply to the hindgut?
Abdominal aorta
34
What is the mnemonic to remember the boundaries of the inguinal canal?
MALT Muscles (roof) Aponeuroses (anterior wall) Ligament (floor) Tendon (posterior wall)
35
What is the roof boundary of the inguinal canal?
Transversalis fascia, internal oblique, transversus abdominis
36
What is the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?
Aponeurosis of external oblique, laterally reinforced by internal oblique
37
What is the floor of the inguinal canal?
Inguinal ligament, lacunar ligament
38
What is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?
Trasversali fascia, conjoint tendon/falx
39
What are the contents of the inguinal canal in women? (2)
Round ligament of uterus Ilioinguinal nerve
40
What are the contents of the inguinal canal in men? (2)
Spermatic cord Ilioinguinal nerve
41
What are the 5 boundaries of the femoral triangle?
Superior - inguinal ligament Medial - adductor longue Lateral - sartorius Floor - pectinous, adductor longs, iliopsoas Roof - fascia lata
42
What does the gubernaculum develop into?
Round ligament
43
What are the roots of the lumbar plexus?
T12-L4 Anterior rami
44
What are the roots of the iliohypogastric nerve?
T12-L1
45
What does the iliohypogastric nerve innervate?
Transversus abdominis Internal oblique
46
What is the root of the ilioinguinal nerve?
L1
47
What does the ilioinguinal nerve innervate?
Motor - transversus abdominis, internal oblique Sensory - anterior labia
48
What are the roots of the genitofemoral nerve?
L1-2
49
What does the genitofemoral nerve provide sensory innervation to?
Upper anterior thigh
50
What are the roots of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?
L2-3
51
What does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve provide sensory innervation to?
Lateral thigh (neuralgia paraesthetica)
52
What are the roots of the obturator nerve?
L2-4 (anterior)
53
What are the motor and sensory innervations of the obturator nerve?
Sensory - upper medial thigh Motor - leg adduction
54
What are the roots of the femoral nerve?
L2-4 (posterior)
55
What are the motor and sensory innervations of the femoral nerve?
Sensory - anterior thigh and knee Motor - quadriceps (SLR), knee jerk
56
What is a mnemonic for remembering the lumbar plexus?
Incredible Imogen Gets Laid On Fridays
57
What are the roots of the sacral plexus?
L4-S4
58
What are the roots of the superior gluteal nerve?
L4-S1
59
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus minimus, gluteus medius
60
What are the roots of the inferior gluteal nerve?
L5-S2
61
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus maximus
62
What are the roots of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
63
What are the roots of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?
S1-3
64
What are the roots of the pudendal nerve?
S2-4
65
Give 3 branches of the pudendal nerve
Inferior rectal Perineal Dorsal nerve of clitoris
66
What does the pudendal nerve innervate? (5)
Perineal muscles Levator ani Clitoris EUS EAS
67
How does the pudendal nerve exit and re-enter the pelvis?
Exit - greater sciatic foramen Re-enter - lesser sciatic foramen
68
What is a mnemonic for remembering the sacral plexus?
Some Irish Sailors Pester Polly
69
What does a defect in the common perineal nerve cause?
Foot drop
70
What spinal roots does labour pain come from?
T11-T12 then T10-L1
71
Branches of what vessel supply the bladder?
Internal iliac
72
What is the innervation behind not voiding?
Sympathetic T10-L2, detrusor relaxation Sympathetic = storage
73
What is the innervation behind voiding?
Parasympathetic S2-4 Parasympathetic = peeing
74
What is the lymphatic drainage of the bladder?
External, internal, common iliac nodes
75
What is the arterial supply to the urethra?
Perineal branches of internal pudendal artery
76
Which is the most useful bit of the male urethra to be aware of?
Membranous
77
What is the arterial supply of the breast? (2)
Lateral mammary - from lateral thoracic - from axillary Medial mammary - from internal thoracic - from subclavian
78
Does the medial mammary artery come from the subclavian or axillary artery?
Subclavian
79
Where is renin secreted?
Kidney
80
Where are most ions reabsorbed in the kidney?
Proximal convoluted tubule
81
What are the borders of the perineum? (3)
Pubic symphysis Coccyx Ischial tuberosities
82
What are the muscular contents of the superficial perineal pouch?
Bulbospongiosus Ischiocavernosus Superficial transverse perineal muscle
83
What are the muscular contents of the deep perineal pouch?
Deep transverse perineal muscle EUS
84
Which perineal pouch is the crura of the clitoris and vestibular bulbs found in?
Superficial
85
Which perineal pouch contains the membranous urethra (males) and proximal urethra (females)?
Deep
86
What are the borders of the superficial perineal pouch?
Perineal membrane, superficial fascia
87
What are the borders of the deep perineal pouch?
Urogenital diaphragm fascia, perineal membrane
88
Which muscle does not insert into the perineal body?
Ischiocavernosus
89
What are the 3 borders of the anal triangle?
Posterior perineal membrane Ischial tuberosities Sacrotuberous ligament
90
What are the two triangles of the perineum?
Anal Urogenital
91
What is the innervation of the EAS? (2)
Inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve Perineal branch of S4
92
What is the innervation of the IAS?
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
93
What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?
Synovial
94
What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
Secondary cartilaginous
95
Which grade of prolapse is >1cm below the hymen?
3
96
Which grade of prolapse is within 1cm of the hymen?
2
97
Which grade of prolapse is complete eversion?
4
98
Which grade of prolapse >1cm above the hymen?
1
99
Which grade of prolapse within 1cm of the hymen?
2
100
What are the 3 main sutures of the fetal skull?
Lambdoid (posterior) Sagital (midline) Coronal (anterior)

MRCOG Part 1 (1 decks)

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