Anatomy

Question 0

Long term nerve compression at the spinoglenoid notch results in

Answer 0

Infraspinatus atrophy

Question 1

Degree of retroversion of glenoid

Answer 1

5 degrees

Question 2

First bone in body to ossify and last to fuse.

Answer 2

Clavicle

Question 3

When does the clavicle start to ossify? Fuse?

Answer 3

5 weeks AOG. 25 years

Question 4

Most common musculoskeletal birth injury

Answer 4

Clavicular fracture

Question 5

Important for superoanterior restraint in rotator cuff deficiencies. Should be preserved during debridement of painful massive rotator cuff tears that cannot be surgically repaired

Answer 5

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 6

Shoulder internal rotators

Answer 6

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis

Question 7

Shoulder external rotators

Answer 7

Teres minor, infraspinatus

Question 12

Attachment of rotator cuff muscles

Answer 12

Greater tuberosity (except subscapularis)

Question 13

Why are posterior shoulder dislocations more common?

Answer 13

Shoulder internal rotators are stronger than external rotators

Question 14

Describe anatomy of the brachial plexus

Answer 14

See Miller p147, Netter p 98

Question 15

Muscle innervation of rotator cuff muscles

Answer 15

C5 and C6 of brachial plexus

Question 16

Preganglionic brachial plexus lesions produce what deformity?

Answer 16

Medial scapular winging

Question 17

Medial scapular winging, produced by preganglionic brachial plexus lesions, are caused by?

Answer 17

Paralysis of long thoracic nerve -> serratus anterior dysfunction

Question 18

Spinal accessory nerve injury causes?

Answer 18

Trapezius dysfunction and scapular trapezius winging (lateral winging)

Question 19

Trapezius dysfunction and scapular trapezius winging (lateral winging) is caused by

Answer 19

Spinal accessory nerve injury

Question 20

Long thoracic nerve injury (c5-c7) causes

Answer 20

Serratus anterior dysfunction. Medial scapular winging.

Question 21

Serratus anterior dysfunction, Medial scapular winging is caused by injury to?

Answer 21

Long thoracic nerve

Question 22

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy. Waiter’s tip.

Answer 22

Erb-Duchenne

Question 23

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy. Poor prognosis

Answer 23

Klumpke’s Palsy

Question 24

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy. C5, C6

Answer 24

Erb-Duchenne

Question 25

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy. Weakness of wrist flexors and i trinsic apparatus. Horner’s syndrome

Answer 25

Klumpke’s palsy

Question 26

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy. Flaccid arm

Answer 26

Total plexus palsy

Question 27

Describe shoulder vasculature

Answer 27

Aorta-> left subclavian; brachiocephalic trunk -> rightsubclavian/ will become axillary artery which is divided into 3 parts based on relationship to pectoralis minor. See Miller, table 2-11, p150.

Question 28

Muscle innervation of all rotator cuff muscles

Answer 28

C5 and C6 of brachial plexus

Question 29

Nerve supply. Serratus anterior

Answer 29

Long thoracic nerve

Question 30

Nerve supply. Rhomboid muscle

Answer 30

Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 31

Nerve supply. Supraspinatus and infraspinatus

Answer 31

Suprascapular nerve

Question 32

Nerve supply. Teres minor

Answer 32

Axillary nerve

Question 33

Weakness results in LATERAL scapular winging

Answer 33

Trapezius

Question 34

Weakness results in MEDIAL scapular winging

Answer 34

Serratus anterior

Question 35

Can rupture off humeral insertion, results in defect in axillary fold

Answer 35

Pectoralis major

Question 36

Lighthouse to the shoulder

Answer 36

Coracoid process

Question 37

Nerve that passes through quadrangular space

Answer 37

Axillary nerve

Question 38

Nerve that passes triangular interval

Answer 38

Radial nerve

Question 39

Where do the rami of the brachial plexus exit?

Answer 39

Between anterior and medial scalene

Question 40

Latissimus dorsi. Origin

Answer 40

T7-T12, iliac crest

Question 41

Latissiumus dorsi. Insertion

Answer 41

Humerus (intertubercular groove)

Question 42

Latissiumus dorsi. Innervation

Answer 42

Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 43

Trapezius. Origin

Answer 43

C7-T12 spinous process

Question 44

Trapezius. Insertion

Answer 44

Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Question 45

Deltoids. Origin

Answer 45

Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Question 46

Deltoids. Innervation

Answer 46

Axillary nerve

Question 47

Serratus anterior. Origin

Answer 47

Ribs1-8 (lateral)

Question 48

Serratus anterior insertion

Answer 48

Scapula (anteromedial border)

Question 49

Serratus anterior innervation

Answer 49

Long thoracic nerve

Question 50

Paralysis of serratus anterior results in

Answer 50

Medial winging of scapula

Question 51

Blood supply of the humeral head and proximal humerus

Answer 51

Anterior humeral circumflex artery

Question 52

Nerve injury commonly associated with shoulder fractures

Answer 52

Axillary nerve injury. Innervates deltoids and teres minor

Question 57

Fulcrum for lateral movement pf the arm

Answer 57

Clavicle

Question 58

Muscles connecting upper limb to vertebral column

Answer 58

Trapezius Lats Both rhomboids Levator scapulae

Question 59

Muscles connecting upper limb to thoracic wall

Answer 59

Pecs Subclavius Serratus anterior

Question 60

Muscles acting on shoulder joint itself

Answer 60

Deltoid Teres major Four rotator cuff muscles

Question 61

Injury to what nerve will cause medial scapular winging

Answer 61

Long thoracic nerve

Question 62

Injury to what nerve will cause lateral scapular winging

Answer 62

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

Question 63

Medial scapular winging muscle involved

Answer 63

Serratus anterior

Question 64

Muscle involved. Lateral scapular winging

Answer 64

Trapezius

Question 65

At risk during mid shaft clavicular fractures

Answer 65

Brachial plexus