anatomy

Question 1

SCALP

Answer 1

Skin Connective Tissue Aponeurosis (galea) Loose CT Periosteum

Question 2

• Contribute to RSTL (perpendicular to muscles)

Answer 2

Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System (SMAS)

Question 3

• Rejuvenation such as facelifts relies on redistribution and plication of SMAS • Discrete fibromuscular layer enveloping and interlinking muscles of facial expression

Answer 3

SMAS

Question 4

Galea aponeurotica of scalp and superficial temporal fascia -

Answer 4

thick SMAS

Question 5

• It extends from the____ laterally to the ____inferiorly, the ____posteriorly and the___ superiorly

Answer 5

temporalis muscles platysma trapezius frontalis

Question 6

Cranial Nerve V Trigeminal nerve, 3 branches, primarily___ but motor supply to___

Answer 6

sensory, muscles of mastication

Question 7

Maxillary (V2) branches

Answer 7

– Infraorbital – Zygomaticotemporal – Zygomaticofacial

Question 8

Mandibular (V3) – Emerges from–

Answer 8

foramen ovale

Question 9

Mandibular (V3) branches -

Answer 9

–Mental –Auriculotemporal Damage = Frey’s – Buccal

Question 10

Frey’s

Answer 10

Auriculotemporal Damage , branch of mental

Question 11

Danger Zones trigeminal nerve During Surgery -injury to the supraorbital and supratrochlear branches of V1; -resulting in numbness of the___

Answer 11

Superior orbital rim in the mid-pupillary line forehead, upper eyelid, nasal dorsum, and scalp

Question 12

Ophthalmic (V1)

Answer 12

– Supratrochlear, Infratrochlear – Supraorbital –External nasal, Lacrimal

Question 13

injury to the infraorbital branch of V2___; lies anterior to the SMAS; resulting in numbness ___

Answer 13

One centimeter below the inferior orbital rim in the mid-pupillary line of the nasal sidewall, cheek, upper lip, and lower eyelid

Question 14

injury to the mental branch of V3; lies anterior to the SMAS; resulting in numbness of

Answer 14

Mid-mandible below the second premolar ipsilateral lower lip and chin

Question 15

Trigeminal trophic syndrome causes___

Answer 15

anesthesia, paresthesia, and erosion of the nasal ala (APE);

Question 16

Trigeminal trophic syndrome results from injury or surgery that damages due to encephalitis or leprosy

Answer 16

CN V at the gasserian ganglion,

Question 17

may clinically mimic basal cell carcinoma

Answer 17

Trigeminal trophic syndrome

Question 18

Frey’s syndrome (auriculotemporal syndrome) symptoms: occurs following parotid gland surgery;

Answer 18

pain, vasodilation, and hyperhidrosis of the cheeks when eating (gustatory sweating);

Question 19

Frey’s syndrome

Answer 19

thought to involve haphazard nerve regeneration whereby parasympathetic fibers rather than sympathetic fibers innervate the sweat glands and blood vessels of the skin

Question 20

Cranial Nerve VII MNEMONIC To Zanzibar By Motor Car

Answer 20

Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal mandibular Cervical

Question 21

Cranial Nerve VII Emerges from “ quickly penetrates ___

Answer 21

stylomastoid foramern the parotid gland and bifurcates

Question 22

Facial nerve, primarily___ sensory to

Answer 22

motor, conchal bowl and anterior tongue,

Question 23

injury to the temporal branch of VII; causes

Answer 23

inability to raise eyebrow or completely close the eye

Question 24

temporal branch of VII; danger zone

Answer 24

A rectangular box 2 cm in height extending from the lateral eyebrow to the anterior hairline;

Question 25

injury to the marginal mandibular branch of VII; lies beneath the SMAS;

Answer 25

results in drooping of the corner of the mouth

Question 26

marginal mandibular branch of VII;

Answer 26

Mid-mandible 2 cm posterior to the oral commissure

Question 27

which nerve innervates Frontalis muscle (m.) • Corrugator supercilii m. • Orbicularis ocull m. (upper portion) • Auricular m. (anterior and superior; also known as the temporoparietalis m.)

Answer 27

Temporal Branch

Question 28

Posterior Auricular Branch

Answer 28

• Occipitalis m. • Auricular m. (posterior)

Question 29

• Orbicularis oculi m. (lower portion) • Nasalis m. (alar portion) • Procerus m.

Answer 29

Zygomatic Branch

Question 30

• Upper lip muscles - Levator anguli oris m. - Zygomaticus major m.

Answer 30

Zygomatic Branch

Question 31

• Buccinator m. (muscle of mastication) • Depressor septi nasi m. • Nasalis m. (tranverse portion)

Answer 31

Buccal Branch

Question 32

Buccal Branch Upper lip muscles

Answer 32

•- Orbicularis oris m. - Levator anguli oris m.

Question 33

Buccal Branch supplies -orbicularis oris m - Zygomaticus major and minor m. - Levator labii superioris m. which are

Answer 33

• Lower lip muscles (

Question 34

- Orbicularis oris m. - Depressor anguli oris m. - Depressor labil inferioris m.

Answer 34

Marginal Mandibular Branch • Lower lip muscles

Question 35

Mentalis m. Risorius m. Platysma m. (upper portion)

Answer 35

Marginal Mandibular Branch

Question 36

• Platysma m.

Answer 36

Cervical Branch

Question 37

branches of facial nerve most at risk during surgery ___ because \_\_\_\_

Answer 37

• The temporal and marginal mandibular rami.

Question 37

• Undermine ____ where? to avoid injury to the temporal branch

Answer 37

in the superficial fat above the SMAS

Question 38

The marginal mandibular nerve lies beneath the platysma muscle; it is most at risk from injury\_\_\_

Answer 38

along the jawline.

Question 38

• Nerve for Conchal bowl -

Answer 38

Vagus nerve

Question 39

eyelid ectropion and inability to close eyelid

Answer 39

Damage zygomatic branch

Question 39

damage to buccal branch

Answer 39

Inability to smile -•

Question 40

The nerves innervate the facial muscles deeply at their undersurfaces, except for the

Answer 40

buccinator, which is innervated at its superficial surface

Question 40

greater auricular nerve

Answer 40

Innervation of post ear

Question 41

Sensory Nerves of the Neck and Posterior Scalp GLOTS

Answer 41

Great Auricular (C2, C3), Lesser Occipital (C2), Greater Occipital (C2), Transverse Cervical (C2, C3), Supraclavicular (C3, C4)

Question 41

cervical plexus supplies the

Answer 41

to the lateral neck and posterior scalp is from

Question 42

sensory innervation to the lower neck, clavicle, and shoulder

Answer 42

• C3, C4 (supraclavicular)

Question 42

sensory innervation to the anterior portion of the neck

Answer 42

• C2, C3 (transverse cervical)

Question 43

sensory innervation to the occipital scalp

Answer 43

C2 (greater occipital)

Question 43

sensory innervation to the scalp posterior to the ear and the superior portion of the posterior auricle

Answer 43

• C2 (lesser occipital) supplies

Question 44

sensory innervation to the skin overlying the parotid, the lower anterior ear, the lower posterior ear, and the mastoid process

Answer 44

C2, C3 (great auricular)

Question 44

Danger Zones 1.) Approximately 6.5 cm below the external auditory canal along the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle;

Answer 44

injury to the great auricular nerve (C2, C3); lies posterior to the SMAS

Question 45

great auricular nerve (C2, C3);

Answer 45

results in numbness of the inferior two-thirds of the ear and the adjacent cheek and neck

Question 45

location greater auricular, lesser occipital, spinal accessory nerves

Answer 45

Erb’s point near the mid-posterior sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 46

Spinal Accessory Nerve • Injury results in the inability to

Answer 46

elevate the shoulder on the affected side, winged scapula,inability to initiate arm abduction

Question 47

Innervates the posteriolateral sole the

Answer 47

Sural Nerve

Question 48

• Innervates anteromedial sole

Answer 48

Posterior Tibial Nerve

Question 49

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Answer 49

Innervates the great toe and toe cleft between 1st and 2nd toes

Question 50

Innervates the dorsum of the foot

Answer 50

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Question 51

\_\_\_\_supplies eyelids, upper nose, nasal dorsum, forehead, scalp via\_\_\_ branch

Answer 51

ICA , ophthalmic

Question 52

\_\_\_\_supplies rest of face

Answer 52

• ECA

Question 53

The \_\_major arteries supplying the face:

Answer 53

six

Question 54

Facial:

Answer 54

Angular artery anastomoses with dorsal nasal branch of ophthalmic artery in periocular region

Question 55

Superficial temporal: Comes off the ECA, and palpable at the\_\_\_\_ branches into:

Answer 55

superior pole of the parotid gland; transverse facial and frontal arteries

Question 56

Maxillary: Comes off the ___ branches into the

Answer 56

ECA infraorbital, buccal, and inferior alveolar (mental) arteries

Question 57

Posterior auricular: Off the Occipital:

Answer 57

ECA

Question 58

Ophthalmic: Comes off the\_\_\_ branches into the _____ anastomoses with the _______ specifically, the angular artery anastomosis with\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 58

ICA, supraorbital, supratrochlear, palpebral, dorsal nasal, and lacrimal arteries; ECA, the dorsal nasal branch

Question 59

Innervates the dorsum of the foot

Answer 59

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Question 60

\_\_\_\_supplies eyelids, upper nose, nasal dorsum, forehead, scalp via\_\_\_ branch

Answer 60

ICA , ophthalmic

Question 61

\_\_\_\_supplies rest of face

Answer 61

• ECA

Question 62

The \_\_major arteries supplying the face:

Answer 62

six

Question 63

Facial:

Answer 63

Angular artery anastomoses with dorsal nasal branch of ophthalmic artery in periocular region

Question 64

Superficial temporal: Comes off the ECA, and palpable at the\_\_\_\_ branches into:

Answer 64

superior pole of the parotid gland; transverse facial and frontal arteries

Question 65

Maxillary: Comes off the ___ branches into the

Answer 65

ECA infraorbital, buccal, and inferior alveolar (mental) arteries

Question 66

Posterior auricular: Off the Occipital:

Answer 66

ECA

Question 67

Ophthalmic: Comes off the\_\_\_ branches into the _____ anastomoses with the _______ specifically, the angular artery anastomosis with\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 67

ICA, supraorbital, supratrochlear, palpebral, dorsal nasal, and lacrimal arteries; ECA, the dorsal nasal branch

Question 68

Facial veins lack valves • Drain into

Answer 68

cavernous sinus

Question 69

sensory innervation foot 

Answer 69