Anatomy Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
Skeletal system
A
Composed of fibrous tissue bound together consisting 1/3 animal matter and 2/3 mineral matter
- support soft parts of body
- protect organs
- attachment to muscles
- provide levers for body movement
2
Q
Cranium
A
Cranium-8 bones
Face-14 bones
Frontal bone Ethmoid bone Temporal bones Parietal bones Occipital bone Sphenoid bone
3
Q
Frontal bone
A
Forehead and upper part of orbits
4
Q
Ethmoid bone
A
Spongy bone found between the eye sockets that form part of the nasal cavity
5
Q
Temporal bone
A
Ear region form the sides of the head
6
Q
Parietal bones
A
Top crown and sides of cranium
7
Q
Occipital bone
A
Back region of cranium
8
Q
Sphenoid bone
A
Base of cranium with wings on either side forming temples
9
Q
Bones of the face
A
Zygomatic or malar Maxillae Palatine Lacrimal Nasal Turbinate Vomer Mandible
10
Q
Zygomatic or malar
A
Cheeks
11
Q
Maxillae
A
Upper jaw, most of sidewalks of nose, front part of hard palate
12
Q
Palatine
A
Form rest of hard plate, and part of the sides of nose
13
Q
Lacrimal
A
Small fragile bones located in each of the eye sockets
14
Q
Nasal bones
A
Bridge of nose
15
Q
Turbinate
A
Inside nose
16
Q
Vomer
A
Part of nasal septum
17
Q
Mandible
A
Lower jawbone
18
Q
Striated muscle
A
Voluntary muscle
19
Q
Non-striated
A
Involuntary muscle or visceral
20
Q
Occipitalis
A
Muscle that Covers back part of cranium
21
Q
Frontalis
A
Muscle that Covers front part of cranium
22
Q
Aponeurosis
A
Connects Occipitalis and Frontalis
23
Q
Occipital-Frontalis
A
Moves scalp, raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
24
Q
Orbicullaris oculi
A
Surrounds eye socket and closes lid
25
Corrugator
Small and narrow muscle beneath Frontalis and orbicularis-oculi
26
Procerus muscle
Covers bridge of nose
27
Quadratus labia superioris muscle
Surrounds upper and lower part of lip
28
Quadratus labia inferioris muscle
Surrounds lower lip
29
Buccinator muscle
Between jaws and side of face
30
Canius muscle
Beneath quadratus labia superioris
31
Mentalis muscle
Tip of chin
32
Orbicularis oris muscle
Spinster muscle around the mouth
33
Risorius muscle
Extends from masseter to angle of mouth
34
Zygomaticus major muscle
Extends from zygomatic bone to angle of mouth
35
Zygomaticus minor muscle
Also extends from zygo bone to angle of mouth
36
Triangularis muscle
Along side of chin
37
Masseter and temporal is muscle
Allow action of raising lower jaw and retracting
38
Striated muscle
Voluntary muscle
39
Non-striated
Involuntary muscle or visceral
40
Occipitalis
Muscle that Covers back part of cranium
41
Frontalis
Muscle that Covers front part of cranium
42
Aponeurosis
Connects Occipitalis and Frontalis
43
Occipital-Frontalis
Moves scalp, raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
44
Orbicullaris oculi
Surrounds eye socket and closes lid
45
Corrugator
Small and narrow muscle beneath Frontalis and orbicularis-oculi
46
Procerus muscle
Covers bridge of nose
47
Quadratus labia superioris muscle
Surrounds upper and lower part of lip
48
Quadratus labia inferioris muscle
Surrounds lower lip
49
Buccinator muscle
Between jaws and side of face
50
Canius muscle
Beneath quadratus labia superioris
51
Mentalis muscle
Tip of chin
52
Orbicularis oris muscle
Spinster muscle around the mouth
53
Risorius muscle
Extends from masseter to angle of mouth
54
Zygomaticus major muscle
Extends from zygomatic bone to angle of mouth
55
Zygomaticus minor muscle
Also extends from zygo bone to angle of mouth
56
Triangularis muscle
Along side of chin
57
Masseter and temporal is muscle
Allow action of raising lower jaw and retracting
58
Supra-orbital nerve
Skin of forehead, scalp, eyebrow and upper eyelid
59
Sympathetic nervous system
Related to cerebrospinal-spinal system controlling unconscious actions
60
Supra-trochlear at nerve
Skin between eyes and upper side of nose
61
Infra-trochlear nerve
Membrane and skin of nose
62
Nasal nerve
Tip and lower side
63
Zygomatic nerve
Skin of temple, side of forehead and upper part of cheek
64
Infra-orbital nerve
Skin of lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip and mouth
65
Auriculo-temporal nerve
External ear and skin above temple up to skull
66
Mental nerve
Skin of lower lip and chin
67
Post auricular nerve
Muscles behind ear at base of skull
68
Temporal nerve
Muscles of temple, side of the forehead, eyebrow, eyelid, upper cheek
69
Zygomatic nerve
Muscles of upper part of cheek
70
Buccal nerve
Muscles of the mouth
71
Mandibular nerve
Muscles of chin and lower lip
72
Cervical nerve
Branch of facial nerve and affects side of neck and plaits a muscle
73
Greater occipital nerve
Back of head and affects scalp as far as the top of the head
74
Smaller occipital nerve
At base of skull and affects scalp and muscles
75
Greater auricular nerve
Side of neck affecting external ear and area in front and back of ear
76
Cutaneous colli nerve
Side of neck and affects front and side of neck as far as breastbone
77
Blood vascular system
Heart and blood vessels
78
Lymph vascular system
Lymph glands and vessels
79
Arteries
Thick walled muscular and elastic vessels. Carry oxygenated blood from heart to capillaries
80
Capillaries
Thin walled vessels forming networks in tissues connecting smaller arteries to veins
81
Veins
Thin walled vessels less elastic then arteries, prevent fluid back flow and carry deoxygenated blood back to heart
82
Functions of blood
Transport water, oxygen, food, remove carbon dioxide and waste, equalize body temp, protect from bacteria and infection, clot blood
83
Composition of blood
45% red, white and blood platelets / 55% plasma
84
Red blood cells
Carry oxygen from lungs to cells of body
85
White blood cells
Destroy disease and foreign bodies
86
Platelets
Disintegrate rapidly when blood is shed to liberate substances that aid in clotting process
87
Plasma
Fluid in which blood cells flow/ slightly alkaline yellow and 90% water and carries food, salt, proteins, waste, gases, enzymes, hormones, antibodies and antitoxins to and from body
88
Facial artery
```
Lower face, mouth and nose
Sub branches:
Sub-mental
Inferior labial
Angular
Superior labial
```
89
Sub mental artery
Chin and lower lip
90
Inferior labial artery
Lower lib
91
Angular artery
Side of nose
92
Superior labial artery
Upper lip, septum and wing of nose
93
Superficial temporal artery
```
Muscles, skin, and scalp to front and top of head
Branches:
Frontal
Parietal
Transverse facial
Middle temporal
Anterior auricular
```
94
Frontal artery
Forehead
95
Parietal artery
Crown and side of head
96
Transverse artery
Supplies masseter
97
Middle temporal artery
Temples
98
Anterior auricular artery
Anterior part of ear
99
Supra-orbital artery
Branch of internal carotid artery, supplies forehead, eye socket, eyelid and upper eye muscles
100
Infra-orbital artery
Muscles of eye
101
Occipital artery
Back of head up to crown
102
Posterior auricular artery
Scalp, back and above ear and skin behind ear
103
motor nerve fibres
attached ti the hair follicles and create goose bumps and part of sympathetic nervous system
104
sensory nerve fibres
sweat and oil glands of the skin
105
pain receptors
free nerve ensigns located in the dermis
106
meissner's corpuscles
bundles of egg shaped receptors between the dermis and epidermis and inform the brain when skin is touched
107
merkel's disks
bundles of oval shaped receptors located on the epidermis and register continuous touch
108
pacinian corpuscles
fast conducting bulb shaped receptors located in the dermis providing information on how and where we move
109
ruffini cylinder corpuscles
bulb shaped receptors located in the epidermis protected by connective tissue and contain interlaces networks of fires, directing cold, heat and pressure
110
sudoriferous glands
sweat glands
111
sebaceous glands
oil glands
112
eccrine sweat glands
coiled base and tube duct that terminates at the skin surface to form sweat pore, located all over the body
113
apocrine sweat gland
develops at puberty and found in axilla and genital areas
114
sebaceous gland
little sacs whose ducts open into the hair follicles and create a fatty oil on the surface of the skin; lubricates skin and preserves the softness of hair
115
functions of the skin
protection, sensation, heat regulation, excretion, secretion, absorption
116
stages of tissue repair
coagulation, inflammation, reconstruction, maturation
117
coagulation
platelets gather to form clots, which then dehydrates and forms a crust to protect the wound from infection
118
inflammation
destroys bacteria, swelling, redness, pain and lymph buildup
119
reconstruction
generation of new tissue from the basal cell layer
120
maturation
the injured tissue strengthens several times over years
