Anatomy

Question 1

Number of bones in foot

Answer 1

26

7 tarsal bones
5 metatarsal
14 phalanges

Question 2

3 regions of foot

Answer 2

Hindfoot (talus and calcaneus)
Midfoot (navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiforms)
Forefoot (metatarsals and phalanges)

Question 3

Groove posterior of talus is for?

Answer 3

Tendon of FHL

Os Trigonum lateral to FHL

Question 4

Primary blood supply of talus

Answer 4

Artery of tarsal canal (posterior tibial artery)

Also, superior neck vessels (anterior tibial artery) and artery of the tarsal sinus (dorsalis pedis)

Question 5

Cuboid is grooved on the plantar surface by what structure?

Answer 5

Peroneus longus

Question 6

Ligaments of ankle syndesmosis

Answer 6

Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
Transverse tibiofibular ligament
Interosseous ligament

Injury referred to as “high ankle sprain”

Question 7

Injury (bony avulsion) to anterior inferior talofibular ligament (AITFL) in adolescents will result in

Answer 7

Tillaux fracture

Question 8

Weakest lateral fibular ligament

Answer 8

ATFL

Injured with lateral ankle sprain

Question 9

Injured ligament in lateral ankle sprains

Answer 9

Anterior talofibular ligament

Question 10

Explain importance of ankle position in lateral ligament complex testing

Answer 10

Plantar fexion tightens ATFL

Inversion with neutral flexion tightens CFL

Question 11

Supports head of talus. Attenuated in pes planus deformity

Answer 11

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)

Question 12

Connects medial (shortest) cuneiform to second (longest) metatarsal

Answer 12

Lisfranc ligament

Question 13

Major tendons which cross the ankle joint (medial)

Answer 13

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

“Tom, dick and Harry”

Question 14

Only dorsal intrinsic muscle of the foot

Answer 14

Extensor digitorum brevis (innervated by lateral branch of deep peroneal nerve)

Question 15

Lumbar plexus ventral rami

Answer 15

T12-L4

Question 16

Nerve that pierces psoas and lies anteromedial to it

Answer 16

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 17

Sacral plexus ventral rami

Answer 17

L4-S3

Question 18

Structure at risk with anteriorly placed sacroiliac screw

Answer 18

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 19

Major reference point for sciatic nerve and other neurovascular structures

Answer 19

Piriformis

Question 20

Nerves which exit lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 20

Pudendal nerve
Obturator internus nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous
Sciatic nerve 
Inferior gluteal nerve
Quadratus femoris 

“POPS IQ”

Question 21

Only dorsal intrinsic muscle of foot

Answer 21

Extensor digitorum brevis

Question 22

EDB is innervated by what nerve

Answer 22

Lateral terminal branch of deep peroneal nerve

Question 23

Genitofemoral nerve course

Answer 23

Pierces psoas and lies on its anteromedial surface

Question 24

Sciatic nerve roots

Answer 24

L4-S3

Question 25

Course of sciatic nerve

Answer 25

Passes anterior to piriformis and posterior to obturator internus and short external rotators

Question 26

Nerve supply of all posterior thigh muscles

Answer 26

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 27

Only muscle in posterior thigh not innervated by tibial division of sciatic nerve

Answer 27

Short head of biceps femoris (innervated by peroneal division)

Question 28

Supplies all intrinsic muscles of foot

Answer 28

Tibial nerve

Question 29

Only extrinsic muscle of foot not supplied by tibial nerve

Answer 29

EDB Supplied by deep peroneal nerve

Question 30

Most proximal branch of lateral plantar nerve

Answer 30

Nerve to adductor digiti quinti | Baxter nerve

Question 31

Supplies sensation to first web space of foot

Answer 31

Medial terminal branch of deep peroneal nerve

Question 32

At risk for injury during placement of anterolateral ankle arthroscopy portal

Answer 32

Dorsal intermediate branch of superficial peroneal nerve

Question 33

Supplies sensation to dorsomedial aspect of great toe

Answer 33

Dorsal medial cutaneous nerve of superficial peroneal nerve (crosses EHL in lateral to medial direction)