Anatomy

Question 1

Origin of the the first and second posterior intercostal arteries

Answer 1

Superior intercostal artery which is a branch of the costocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

*the rest: thoracic aorta

Question 2

First 6 anterior intercostal arteries are branches of _____

Answer 2

Internal thoracic artery

*lower : musculophrenic artery

Question 3

True or False

A bronchopulmonary segment is pyramidal in shape with its apex toward the lung surface

Answer 3

False. Apex is pointed towards the lung root

Question 4

True or false

The right main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus before entering the hilum of the lung

Answer 4

True

The left main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus after entering the hilum

Question 5

Location of the cardiac notch

Answer 5

Upper lobe of the left lung

Question 6

What is the most dependent part of the pleural cavity?

Answer 6

Costodiaphragmatic recess

Question 7

Pericardiocentesis is best performed by passing a needle through ______

Answer 7

The subcostal angle

*inserted to the left of the xiphoid process at a 45 degree angle (upward and backward direction)

Question 8

Blood supply of the atrioventricular bundle

Answer 8

Right coronary artery

Question 9

Intermittent pain (colic) in the small intestine may be referred to ____

Answer 9

Umbilical region

Question 10

Location of referred pain of upper, medial, and inferior ureter

Answer 10

Upper : back (behind kidney)
Middle: inguinal region
Lower : penis/clitoris

Question 11

Short gastric artery arises from

Answer 11

Splenic artery

Question 12

Right gastric artery originates from

Answer 12

Hepatic artery

Question 13

Left gastric artery arises from

Answer 13

Celiac artery

Question 14

Left gastroepiploic artery arises from

Answer 14

Splenic artery

Question 15

The azygos vein passes through what hiatus in the diaphragm?

Answer 15

Aortic hiatus

Question 16

Thoracic duct passes through what hiatus of the diaphragm?

Answer 16

Aortic hiatus

Question 17

Iliohypogastric nerve emerges on what side of the psoas ms?

Answer 17

Lateral side

Question 18

Obturator nerve emerges on what side of the psoas ms?

Answer 18

Medial side

Question 19

Genitofemoral nerve emerges from what side of the psoas ms?

Answer 19

Anterior surface

Question 20

Femoral nerve emerges from what part of psoas muscle?

Answer 20

Lateral

Question 21

Lymphatic spread of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon is likely to metastasize to:

Answer 21

Inferior mesenteric node

Question 22

In both sexes, the inguinal canal is formed by :

Answer 22

Processus vaginalis

Question 23

An important medial relation to the femoral ring of the femoral sheath

Answer 23

Lacunar ligament

Question 24

Vertebral level where aorta bifurcates into right and left common iliac a.

Answer 24

L4

Question 25

Relation of the superior mesenteric artery and duodenum

Answer 25

The SMA descends anterior to the third part of the duodenum

Question 26

At what level does the IVC enter the diaphragm?

Answer 26

T8

Question 27

Main support of the liver

Answer 27

The attachment of the hepatic veins to the IVC *peritoneal ligaments are weak and stretch

Question 28

Sensory innervation of the peritoneum on the peripheral part of inferior surface of diaphragm

Answer 28

Lower six intercostal nerves *central inferior: phrenic nerves

Question 29

Renal pappilae open directly into what?

Answer 29

Minor calyces

Question 30

Internal spermatic fascia derivative of what?

Answer 30

Transversalis fascia

Question 31

Vertebral level corresponding to pylorus

Answer 31

L1 | *it lies along the transpyloric plane in front of L1

Question 32

Superior boundary of epiploic foramen

Answer 32

Caudate process of the caudate lobe

Question 33

Part/s of the gallbladder surrounded by peritoneum

Answer 33

Fundus only

Question 34

True or false | Pain sensation from GB dx may be referred along the phrenic and the supraclavicular nerves to skin over the shoulder

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Artery closely related to the first part of the duodenum

Answer 35

Gastroduodenal artery -it is a large br of the hepatic artery. It descends behind the 1st part of the duodenum and then divides into : superior pancreaticoduodenal a. And right gastroepiploic a.

Question 36

Carcinoma of the cervix is likely to spread to what LN?

Answer 36

Internal and external iliac nodes

Question 37

Nerve supply of the obturator internus ms

Answer 37

Sacral plexus

Question 38

Nerve supply of internal anal sphincter

Answer 38

Hypogastric plexuses

Question 39

Innervation of sphincter urethrae

Answer 39

Pudendal nerve

Question 40

Narrowest part of the male urethra

Answer 40

External meatus of glans penis

Question 41

What supports the posterior wall of the lower third of the vagina?

Answer 41

Perineal body

Question 42

Middle lobe of prostate in relation to ejaculatory duct and prostatic urethra

Answer 42

Superior to ejaculatory ducts and posterior to upper pt of prostatic urethra

Question 43

What prevents leakage from traveling backward into the ischiorectal fossa during traumatic injury to the perineum in males?

Answer 43

Colle's fascia (membranous layer of superficial fascia) - attached to the posterior border of the urogenital diaphragm

Question 44

Part of the brachial plexus that contains a terminal branch that supplies the skin on the medial side of the arm

Answer 44

Medial cord | - gives origin to medial cutaneous nerve of the arm

Question 45

True or false | Ulnar nerve passes in front of the medial epicondyle of the humerus

Answer 45

False. It passes behind the medial epicondyle

Question 46

Median nerve location in cubital fossa

Answer 46

Medial to the brachial artery

Question 47

What innervates the dorsal interossei ms?

Answer 47

Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 48

Damage to what ligament produces dislocation of lateral clavicle onto superior aspect of the acromion?

Answer 48

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 49

Synovial sheath of flexor pollicis longus ms forms what?

Answer 49

Radial bursa of the wrist

Question 50

Thumb laterally rotated and adducted. Hand looks flattened and ape like. What nerve was injured?

Answer 50

Median nerve

Question 51

True or false | The flexor retinaculum is attached to the triquetral bone

Answer 51

False | *its attached to hook of the hamate, ridge of trapezium, pisiform, tubercle of scaphoid

Question 52

What bursa commonly communicates with the shoulder joint?

Answer 52

Subscapularis bursa

Question 53

What limits flexion of the hip joint with the knee extended?

Answer 53

Hamstring ms

Question 54

What limits abduction of the hip joint?

Answer 54

Pubofemoral ligament

Question 55

Extension of hip joint is limited by ______

Answer 55

Iliofemoral ligament

Question 56

Innervation of long head of biceps femoris

Answer 56

Tibial portion of sciatic nerve

Question 57

Innervation of sartorius muscle

Answer 57

Femoral nerve

Question 58

Lymphatic drainage of buttocks

Answer 58

Horizontal group of superficial inguinal nodes *skin below iliac crest level drains into horizontal superficial inguinal

Question 59

LN drainage of lateral side of foot

Answer 59

Popliteal nodes *medial: vertical grp of superficial inguinal nodes

Question 60

In children, the chief arterial supply to the head of the femur:

Answer 60

Nutrient artery - branch of the obturator artery; enters bone at fobea capitis

Question 61

Plantar flexors of the ankle joint

Answer 61

Plantaris (weak), Soleus and gastrocnemius | Latter two: attached to calcaneum via Tendo calcaneus

Question 62

Excessive eversion damages what structure?

Answer 62

Deltoid ligament

Question 63

Nerve affected if foot is permanently dorsiflexed and everted

Answer 63

Tibial nerve (posterior compartment functions)

Question 64

Segments of the femoral nerve

Answer 64

L2-L4

Question 65

Fascia that forms the femoral sheath?

Answer 65

Fascia iliaca and fascia transversalis

Question 66

Nerve supply to short head of biceps femoris ms

Answer 66

Common peroneal nerve

Question 67

Patient in supine position with hip and knee joints extended, was asked to abduct lower limb against resistance. What ms is being tested?

Answer 67

Gluteus medius

Question 68

What ligament is damaged by excessive inversion of the foot with plantar flexion of ankle or attempted medial rotation of the ankle?

Answer 68

Anterior talofibular ligament

Question 69

What muscle tenses the vocal cords?

Answer 69

Cricothyroid

Question 70

What nerves are closely related to the superior and inferior thyroid artery?

Answer 70

Superior thyroid artery: external laryngeal nerve | Inferior thyroid nerve: recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 71

Red infected skin abrasion of the lateral ends of both eyelids was seen. What LN would you check for spread of infection?

Answer 71

Parotid Nodes

Question 72

To where do the submental LN drain?

Answer 72

Deep cervical L.N

Question 73

Lymph from the skin of the back in the region of the spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebrae drains into the _____

Answer 73

Subscapular group of axillary LN

Question 74

How to assess the strength of the flexor ms of the vertebral column?

Answer 74

Ask the px to sit up from the supine position while keeping the hip and knees flexed