Anatomy

Question 1

What three parts is the skull divided into?

Answer 1

Neuro cranium (8 bones)
Viscera cranium (facial bones)
Mandible

Question 2

What are the three sutures of the skull called?

Answer 2

Sagittal suture
Coronal suture
Lambdoid suture

Question 3

What is another name for the skull cap?

Answer 3

Calvaria

Question 4

What are the points called when the coronal and sagittal suture meet and where the sagittal and lambdoid suture meet?

Answer 4

Bregma

Lambda

Question 5

What does the epicranial aponeurosis connect?

Answer 5

Connects the anterior (frontal) and posterior (occipital) bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle

Question 6

In which layer of the scalp are blood vessels present?

Answer 6

Dense connective tissue

Question 7

Name the four muscles of facial expression and what nerve innervates them?

Answer 7

Orbicularis Oculi
Orbicularis Oris
Occipitofrontalis
Buccinator

Question 8

From which foramen does the facial nerve leave to emerge onto the side of the face?

Answer 8

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 9

Which muscles pierces the parotid gland?

Answer 9

Buccinator

Question 10

Which nerve innervates the parotid gland?

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal (CN 9)

Question 11

What are three compartments of the neck?

Answer 11

Vertebral
Visceral
Vascular

Question 12

Name the four suprahyoid muscles

Answer 12

Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Digastric

Question 13

Name the four infrahyoid muscles

Answer 13

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid

Question 14

What are the nerve roots of the cervical plexus and from which two muscles does it emerge from?

Answer 14

C1-C4 (anterior rami)

Levator Scapulae and middle scalene

Question 15

What two bones make up the nasal septum?

Answer 15

Vomer

Perpendicular Plate of Ethmoid

Question 16

What type of epithelium lines the nasal cavity?

Answer 16

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

Question 17

What bone are the superior and middle conchae made from?

Answer 17

Ethmoid

Question 18

What structures make up Waldyers ring?

Answer 18

Adenoids
Nasopharyngeal tonsils
Lingual Tonsils

Question 19

What are the two processes of the mandible called and which one is anterior?

Answer 19

Coronoid process is anterior to condylar process

Question 20

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

Answer 20

Modified hinge type synovial joint

Question 21

What two articular processes join to make the TMJ?

Answer 21

Mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Condylar process of mandible

Question 22

Name the four muscles of mastication

Answer 22

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial and lateral pterygoids

Question 23

What are the two attachments of the temporalis muscle?

Answer 23

Coronoid process

Temporal fossa

Question 24

What separates the tongue into thirds?

Answer 24

Terminal sulcus

Question 25

What supplies the tongue with taste sensation?

Answer 25

Anterior two thirds supplied by chorda tympani | Posterior third supplied by internal laryngeal

Question 26

What supplies the tongue with general sensory innervation?

Answer 26

Anterior two thirds supplied by lingual nerve from mandibular branch of trigeminal Posterior third supplied by glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 27

Which vertebral level is the larynx located?

Answer 27

C3-6

Question 28

Which extrinsic muscles of the eye aren't supplied by the third CN?

Answer 28

Lateral rectus-abducens nerve | Superior oblique-trochlear

Question 29

What types of joints are found between the bones of the ear?

Answer 29

Synovial joints

Question 30

What is the action of the tensor tympani?

Answer 30

Pulls malleus medially to tense the tympanic membrane therefore reducing the amplification of vibrations

Question 31

What is the action of the stapedius?

Answer 31

Pulls the stapes posteriorly therefore reducing oscillatory range

Question 32

At what age do the anterior and posterior fontanelles of the skull close?

Answer 32

Anterior-18-24 months | Posterior-2-3 months

Question 33

What type of epithelium lines the tongue?

Answer 33

Stratified squamous epithelium (keratinised if filiform papillae)

Question 34

Describe the histological secretions of the three salivary glands

Answer 34

Parotid-predominantly serous secretions so stains intensely Sublingual-predominantly mucous so doesn't stain well Submandibular-has both mucous and serous secretions so get both a deep stain and pale