Anatomy

Question 1

what is the space between the ribs called?

Answer 1

intercostal space

Question 2

where is the manubrium found?

Answer 2

bone at the top of anterior rib cage.

Question 3

what is the bone that makes up the middle front of the rib cage called?

Answer 3

body of sternum.

Question 4

where is the diploid process found?

Answer 4

end of the body of sternum.

Question 5

On what vertebra do the ribs start and finish?

Answer 5

T1 to T12

Question 6

what happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

Answer 6

flattens

Question 7

what happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?

Answer 7

domes upwards.

Question 8

where are the intercostal muscles found? and what is their purpose?

Answer 8

found in-between the ribs.
in lower ribs they elevate the ribs upwards.
in the upper ribs they more the sternum out slightly.

Question 9

where are the pleura sacs found?

Answer 9

invaginated by the lungs.

Question 10

what is the purpose of the pleura?

Answer 10

contain a thin film of fluid which :

• helps the lungs to slide
• creates surface tension between the parietal and visceral layers to aid in inspiration.

Question 11

what is the surface closest to the lungs of the pleura called?

Answer 11

visceral pleura

Question 12

what is the surface on the outside of the pleura called?

Answer 12

parietal pleura

Question 13

what does the middle region of the mediastinum include?

Answer 13

heart, major vessels/nerves, trachea, oesophagus.

Question 14

how many lobes does the right lung haven what are they called?

Answer 14

3 lobes:

superior, middle and inferior.

Question 15

how many lobes does the left lung haven what are they called?

Answer 15

2 lobes:

superior and inferior.

Question 16

what are the 2 fissures on the right lung called?

Answer 16

horizontal fissure and oblique fissure.

Question 17

what is the fissure on the left lung called?

Answer 17

oblique fissure.

Question 18

where is the HILUM found on the lungs?

Answer 18

medial aspect, next to the heart.

Question 19

what is in the HILUM of the lungs? and how are these laid out?

Answer 19

-pulmonary artery - most superiorly.
- pulmonary veins - most anteriorly and most inferior.
- 1 bronchus dividing into 2 bronchi - in the middle.
with the pulmonary ligament at the bottom.

Question 20

what is found superior in the mediastinum?

Answer 20

• trachea
• oesophagus
• great vessels.

Question 21

what is found in the middle inferior mediastinum?

Answer 21

the heart and pericardium.

Question 22

what is found in the posterior inferior mediastinum?

Answer 22

nerves and tubes.

Question 23

what vertebras indicate the separation between the superior and inferior mediastinum?

Answer 23

T4-T5

Question 24

what is the angle called that separated the superior and inferior mediastinum?

Answer 24

sternal angle.

Question 25

what are the 3 branches of the aorta?

Answer 25

- brachiocephalic trunk - left common carotid artery - left subclavian artery.

Question 26

what are the 2 divisions of the brachiocephalic trunk?

Answer 26

- right subclavian artery | - right common carotid artery.

Question 27

what 2 veins join to form the superior vena cava?

Answer 27

right and left brachiocephalic veins.

Question 28

what 2 veins join to form the left brachiocephalic vein?

Answer 28

left subclavian vein and left internal jugular vein.

Question 29

what do the right subclavian vein and right internal jugular vein join to form?

Answer 29

right brachiocephalic vein

Question 30

what is the valve between the right atrium and ventricle called?

Answer 30

tricuspid atrioventricular valve.

Question 31

what is the valve between the left atrium and ventricle called?

Answer 31

mitral atrioventricular valve

Question 32

what is the valve between the left ventricle and the aorta called?

Answer 32

aortic semilunar valve.

Question 33

what is the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery called?

Answer 33

pulmonary semilunar valve.

Question 34

where is the atrial septum found?

Answer 34

it is the wall between the right and left atriums.

Question 35

what is the wall between the right and left ventricles called?

Answer 35

ventricular septum.

Question 36

what is the purpose of the chord tendineae?

Answer 36

pull the atrioventricular valves down.

Question 37

where does the right coronary artery come from and what is its purpose?

Answer 37

comes of the aorta and divides into right marginal that supplies the anterior of the right side of the heart, and the right posterior descending that supplies the posterior right side of the heart.

Question 38

what is the name of the artery that supplies blood to the muscle of the left side of the heart?

Answer 38

left coronary artery.