Anatomy

Question 1

relation of optic chiasm to pituitary gland

Answer 1

pituitary gland sits underneath the optic chiasm

Question 2

visual field defect of pituitary tumour

Answer 2

bitemporal hemianopia

Question 3

stalk that connects posterior to hypothalamus

Answer 3

infundibulum

Question 4

which part of pituitary hugs round the other on histology

Answer 4

anterior hugs round posterior

Question 5

which part of pituitary stains darker

Answer 5

anterior

Question 6

2 cells types of anterior pituitary

Answer 6

basophils and acidophils

Question 7

what 2 hormones are made by acidophils

Answer 7

prolactin and GH

Question 8

what pituitary cell types make somatotrophs and mammotrophs

Answer 8

acidophils

Question 9

what pituitary cell types make corticotrophs, gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs

Answer 9

basophils

Question 10

secretory cells of posterior pituitary

Answer 10

neuroendocrine neurones

Question 11

blood supply of pituitary

Answer 11

superior and inferior hypophysial arteries that are branches off the ICA

Question 12

connection of AP and hypothalamus

Answer 12

hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system

Question 13

vertebral extent of the thyroid gland

Answer 13

C5-T1

Question 14

isthmus of thyroid lies opposite which tracheal rings

Answer 14

2nd and 3rd tracheal rings

Question 15

two nerves of vocal cords

Answer 15

recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve (only does the cricothyroid muscle)

Question 16

location of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 16

between trachea and oesophagus

Question 17

superior thyroid artery comes from

Answer 17

ECA

Question 18

inferior thyroid artery comes from

Answer 18

subclavian

Question 19

superior thyroid vein drains into

Answer 19

IJV

Question 20

middle thyroid vein drains into

Answer 20

IJV

Question 21

inferior thyroid vein drains into

Answer 21

brachiocephalic

Question 22

cells lining thyroid follicles

Answer 22

follicular cells

Question 23

content of thyroid follicle

Answer 23

colloid

Question 24

hormones of thyroid

Answer 24

calcitonin and thyroid hormone (T3 and T4)

Question 25

what separates the parathyroids and thyroid

Answer 25

a thin fibrous capsule

Question 26

difference between drainage of left and right adrenals

Answer 26

left adrenal vein goes into left renal vein | right adrenal vein goes into the IVC

Question 27

superior adrenal artery is a branch off

Answer 27

inferior phrenic artery

Question 28

middle adrenal artery is a branch off

Answer 28

the aorta

Question 29

inferior adrenal artery is a branch off

Answer 29

the renal arteries

Question 30

layers of cortex from out to in and what they make

Answer 30

glomerulosa --> aldosterone (mineralocorticoids) fasciculata --> cortisol (glucocorticoids) reticularis --> testosterone (androgens)

Question 31

cells of adrenal medulla

Answer 31

chromaffin cells

Question 32

cells that secrete insulin

Answer 32

beta cells in islets of langerhans