Anatomy

Question 1

Contents of: Optic canal

Answer 1

• optic nerve

- ophthalmic artery

Question 2

Contents of: Superior orbital fissure

Answer 2

• CN 3, 4, 6, V1
• Superior orbital vein
• MMA branch

Question 3

Contents of: Inferior orbital fissure

Answer 3

• Zygomatic br. of V2

- Inferior ophthalmic veins

Question 4

Contents of: Foramen rotundum

Answer 4

• V2

Question 5

Contents of: Foramen ovale

Answer 5

• V3

- accessory meningeal artery

Question 6

Contents of: Foramen spinosum

Answer 6

• MMA

Question 7

Contents of: Foramen lacerum

Answer 7

• Carotid artery

Question 8

Contents of: Internal auditory meatus

Answer 8

• CN 7, 8

- labyrinthine artery

Question 9

Contents of: Jugular foramen

Answer 9

• CN 9, 10, 11
• Posterior meningeal artery
• IJ; Inferior petrosal sinus; Sigmoid sinus
• Ascending occipital and pharyngeal artery branches

Question 10

Contents of: Hypoglossal canal

Answer 10

• CN 12

Question 11

Contents of: Foramen magnum

Answer 11

• Brainstem
• CN 11
• spinal artery and vein

Question 12

Contents of: Supraorbital foramen

Answer 12

• Supraorbital artery and vein

- Supraorbital br. of V1

Question 13

Contents of: Infraorbital fissure

Answer 13

• Infraorbital nerve

- Infraorbital artery

Question 14

Contents of: Incisive foramen

Answer 14

• Nasopalatine br of V2

Question 15

Contents of: Greater palatine foramen

Answer 15

• Greater palatine and anterior palatine arteries
• Greater palatine and anterior palatine veins
• Greater palatine br of V2

Question 16

Contents of: Lesser palatine foramen

Answer 16

• Lesser palatine artery and vein

- Lesser palatine br of V2

Question 17

Contents of: Mandibular foramen

Answer 17

• Inferior alveolar artery and vein

- Inferior alveolar br of V3

Question 18

Contents of: Mental foramen

Answer 18

• Mental artery and vein

- Mental nerve (br of inferior alveolar nerve)

Question 19

Contents of: foramen cecum

Answer 19

• Vein to superior sagittal sinus

Question 20

Contents of: Anterior ethmoidal foramen

Answer 20

• anterior ethmoidal artery and vein

- anterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 21

Contents of: Cribiform plate

Answer 21

• Olfactory nerve bundles

Question 22

Contents of: Posterior ethmoidal foramen

Answer 22

• posterior ethmoidal artery and vein

- posterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 23

Branches of Anterior Cerebral artery

Answer 23

• Rec artery of Huebner
• Medial orbitofrontal
• Frontopolar
• Callosomarginal (internal frontal [ant/mid/post], paracentral)
• pericollosal

Question 24

Branches of Middle Cerebral artery

Answer 24

• Medial & Lat lenticulostriate
• Ant temporal
• Post temporal
• Lat orbitofrontal
• Ascending frontal (candelabra)
• Precentral (prerolandic)
• Central (rolandic)
• Ant parietal (post rolandic)
• Post parietal
• Angular

Question 25

Branches of Basilar/PCA

Answer 25

- AICA - Internal auditory (labyrinthine) - Pontine branches - SCA - PCA

Question 26

AICA branch and anastamosis

Answer 26

- loop that runs into the IAC - gives off labyrinthine artery - emerges, supplies the anterolateral inferior cerebellum - anastomosis with PICA

Question 27

Segments of PICA

Answer 27

- Anterior medullary - Lateral medullary - Tonsillomedullary * First 3 must remain; last 2 can be taken with minimal deficit (because no more basilar perforators) - Telovelotonsillar (contains cranial loop which gives choroidal artery to choroid of 4th ventricle) - Cortical segments

Question 28

PCA segments and branches

Answer 28

``` P1 - peduncular -mesencephalic perforating arteries - interpeduncular thalamoperforators - medial posterior choroidal - artery of Percheron P2 - ambient P3 - quadrigeminal ```

Question 29

Carotid to Vertebrobasilar anstamoses

Answer 29

1. Persistent trigeminal: cavernous carotid to basilar (btw SCA and AICA) 2. Otic: petrous carotid to basilar (btw SCA and AICA) 3. Hypoglossal: petrous or distal cervical ICA to VA (via hypoglossal canal) 4. Proatlantal intersegmental: cervical ICA to VA

Question 30

Venous flow

Answer 30

Septal vein + Ant caudate vein + Thalamostriate vein = Internal cerebral vein Internal cerebral vein + Basal cerebral vein of Rosenthal = Vein of Galen Vein of Galen + Inferior sagittal sinus = Straight sinus Straight sinus + SSS = torcula --> Transverse sinus --> Sigmoid sinus Vein of Labbe drains to Transverse sinus

Question 31

Artery of Adamkiewicz

Answer 31

- arterial supply for T8 to conus | - takes off aorta around T9-L2 (85%); T9-T12 (75%)

Question 32

Branches of the ICA: Petrous segment

Answer 32

none

Question 33

Branches of the ICA: Lacerum

Answer 33

- corticotympanic | - Pterygoid (aka vidian)

Question 34

Branches of the ICA: cavernous

Answer 34

- meningohypohyseal trunk - anterior meningeal artery - artery to inferior portion of cavernous sinus - capsular artery of McConnell (to capsule of pituitary)

Question 35

Branches of the ICA: Clinoid

Answer 35

- none

Question 36

Branches of the ICA: Ophthalmic

Answer 36

- ophthalmic artery | - superior hypophyseal artery (to stalk and anterior lobe of pituitary)

Question 37

Branches of the ICA: Communicating

Answer 37

- Pcomm | - Anterior choroidal

Question 38

Anterior choroidal artery supplies...

Answer 38

- optic tract - medial globus pallidus - genu of internal capsule - inferior half of post limb of IC - uncus - optic radiations - lateral geniculate body Then through the choroidal fissure and into the lateral ventricle.