Anatomy

Question 1

Layers of the Epidermis

Answer 1

Californians Like Getting Sun Burns

Question 2

What contains the stratum corneum?

Answer 2

flat scales of the water-resistant protein keratin

Question 3

What contains the stratum lucidum?

Answer 3

transparent layers of packed dead cells

Question 4

Does epidermis have vessels? Explain

Answer 4

No, Receives its nutrition from the dermal capillaries

Question 5

What contains the stratum granulosum?

Answer 5

flat cells containing basophilic granules

Question 6

What contains the stratum spinosum? and function

Answer 6

(prickle cells): junctions in this layer (tonolaments) give the epidermis its
strength

Question 7

stratum basale

Answer 7

(germinativum): mitotic figures that give rise to keratinocytes

Question 8

location of keratinocytes

Answer 8

located in all layers of the epidermis except the stratum corneum

Question 9

desmosomes

Answer 9

keratinocytes are connected to

each other by desmosomes

Question 10

melanocytes. Location. Ratio. Number among races. Funcion

Answer 10

located in the stratum basale; keratinocyte to melanocyte ratio in the basal layer
is 10:1; melanocyte number is equal among races; produce melanosomes containing melanin,
which are transferred to keratinocytes

Question 11

Langerhans cells

Answer 11

dendritic cells which are important for immune surveillance

Question 12

Merkel cells:

Answer 12

located in the basal layer; involved in touch sensation

Question 13

dermis regions

Answer 13

Papillary and reticular

Question 14

provides a strong structure for skin; consists of collagen bundles woven together along
with elastic bres, broblasts, and macrophages

Answer 14

reticular

Question 15

contains numerous capillaries that supply nutrients to the dermis and epidermis

Answer 15

papillary

Question 16

■ cells of dermis

Answer 16

fibroblasts

mast cells:

Question 17

mast cells:

Answer 17

release histamines which mediate type I hypersensitivity

Question 18

fibroblasts

Answer 18

: produce collagen, elastin, and ground substance

Question 19

hypodermis synonym

Answer 19

subcutaneous tissue

Question 20

pilosebaceous unit =

Answer 20

hair + hair follicle + sebaceous gland + arrector pili muscle

Question 21

wich are the Cutaneous Glands

Answer 21

sebaceous
apocrine sweat gland
eccrine sweat gland

Question 22

sebaceous gland. Location, function. Via

Answer 22

part of pilosebaceous unit; produces sebum which is secreted into the hair follicle via
the sebaceous duct, where it covers the skin surface (protective function)

Question 23

what has some antifungal properties

Answer 23

the sebum

Question 24

Where are the sebaceous gland absent

Answer 24

absent only in non-hair bearing areas (e.g. palms,

soles, lips)

Question 25

apocrine sweat gland:. . where does it empty-. Location.

Answer 25

apocrine duct empties into hair follicle above sebaceous gland . ■ found in axillae and perineum

Question 26

apocrine sweat gland:. .functions

Answer 26

likely a vestigial structure, functions in other species to produce scent (e.g. pheromones)

Question 27

eccrine sweat gland. Location

Answer 27

■ found over entire skin surface except lips, nail beds, and glans penis.

Question 28

What contains the stratum granulosum

Answer 28

granular cells in this layer. These cells contain keratohyalin granules, which are filled with histidine- and cysteine-rich proteins that appear to bind the keratin filaments together. Therefore, the main function of keratohyalin granules is to bind intermediate keratin filaments together."