anatomy

Question 1

What are the three types of muscle tissue and their functions?

Answer 1

1. skeletal muscle - moves the body by pulling the bones on the skeleton, making it able for us to walk, dance, play, etc.
2. cardiac muscle - pushes blood through the arteries and veins of the circulatory system.
3. smooth muscle - pushes waste through the digestive tract and performs varied functions in other systems

Question 2

Skeletal muscle functions

Answer 2

1. maintain posture and body position
2. support soft tissue e.g. the abdominal wall
3. regulate digestive and urinary tracts
4. maintain body temperature
5. produce skeletal muscle, which helps with simple motions.

Question 3

what does the axial musculature do

Answer 3

it is involved in movements of the head and spinal columb

Question 4

oblique & rectus muscles def

Answer 4

form the muscular walls of the thoracic and abdominal area. (Review muscles of the vertebral column diagram)

Question 5

locate Gastrocnemius and soleus on diagram

Answer 5

/2?

Question 6

anatomy def

Answer 6

The science that studies the structure of the human body

Question 7

define anatomical position

Answer 7

1. standing with legs together and feet flat on the floor

2. hands are at the sides, and palms facing forwards.

Question 8

posterior def

Answer 8

the back/behind

Question 9

superior def

Answer 9

above; at a higher level (toward the head)

Question 10

inferior def

Answer 10

below, at a lower level

Question 11

true or false; when following anatomical directions, left and right always refers to the left or right side of the subject - NOT THE OBSERVER

Answer 11

true

Question 12

medial def

Answer 12

towards the midline

Question 13

lateral def

Answer 13

away from midline

Question 14

proximal def

Answer 14

toward an attached base

Question 15

distal def

Answer 15

away from an attached base

Question 16

superficial def

Answer 16

at near or relatively close to body surface

Question 17

deep def

Answer 17

towards interior of body, farther from the surface (E.g. the bone of the thigh is deep to the surrounding skeletal muscle)

Question 18

the three types of planes and their definitions

Answer 18

1. transverse plane - a transverse section separates superior and interior portions of the body.
2. frontal plane - a frontal plane section separates anterior and posterior portions of the body.
3. sagittal plane - a sagittal section separates left and right portions

Question 19

the foot is ______ to the knee

Answer 19

inferior

Question 20

in the anatomical position the subject:

a. is lying down
b. has arms placed above head
c. is standing upright facing the observer with palms facing backward
d. is standing upright facing the observer.

Answer 20

d.

Question 21

the anatomical term which best describes a structure toward the head is:

a. superficial
b. deep
c. inferior
d. superior

Answer 21

d.

Question 22

the best anatomical term to describe the back region of the body would be:

a. dorsal
b. proximal
c. posterior
d. anterior

Answer 22

c.

Question 23

in the anatomical position, the thumbs point:

a. in, toward the body
b. out, away from the body
c. forward
d. backward

Answer 23

b.

Question 24

the big toe is ______ to the little toe:

a. medial
b. lateral
c. superior
d. inferior

Answer 24

a.

Question 25

the arm is ______ to the hand: a. medial b. lateral c. proximal d. distal

Answer 25

c.

Question 26

flexion def

Answer 26

describes a bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts

Question 27

extension def

Answer 27

describes a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts

Question 28

abduction def

Answer 28

a motion that pulls a structure or part away from the midline of the body

Question 29

adduction def

Answer 29

a motion that pulls a structure of part toward the midline of the body

Question 30

pronation def

Answer 30

a rotational movement - hand/upper arm turn inward

Question 31

supination def

Answer 31

a rotational movement - forearm or palms turn outward

Question 32

inversion def

Answer 32

tilts side of foot towards the bodies midline

Question 33

eversion def

Answer 33

tilts side of the foot away from the midline of the body

Question 34

internal (medial) rotation def

Answer 34

rotation toward the centre of the body

Question 35

external (lateral) rotation def

Answer 35

rotation away from the centre of the body

Question 36

what is the clavicle

Answer 36

a collarbone

Question 37

what is a scapula

Answer 37

shoulderblade

Question 38

what are corporal bones

Answer 38

wrist bones

Question 39

what are metacarpal bones

Answer 39

palm bones

Question 40

what are phalanges

Answer 40

fingers

Question 41

how many bones in the skull

Answer 41

22

Question 42

how many bones associated with the skull

Answer 42

7

Question 43

how many bones in the vertebral column

Answer 43

26

Question 44

how many bones in the thoracic cage

Answer 44

25

Question 45

how many bones in the axial skeleton

Answer 45

80

Question 46

how many bones in the skeletal system

Answer 46

206

Question 47

what two are the two parts of the skeletal system

Answer 47

axial and appendicular

Question 48

The axial system consists of the bones from the:

Answer 48

skull, thorax and vertebral column

Question 49

what does the appendicular skeleton consist of

Answer 49

bones of the upper and lower limbs, as well as the girdle that connects them to the trunk.

Question 50

the 6 functions of the axial skeleton

Answer 50

1. houses special sense organs (hear, taste, smell, sight, and balance) 2. provides surface area for the attachment of muscles 3. adjust the position of the head, neck and trunk 4. perform respiratory movements 5. stabilize or position structures 6. the joints permit limited movement, but are very strong