Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The study of the structures of the body and their relationship to one another.

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

Study of the functions of the body, how the body parts work
and carry out their life-sustaining activities

Question 3

Atoms are combined to form molecules.

Answer 3

Chemical Level

Question 4

Cellular Level

Answer 4

Cells are made up of molecules. It’s the basic functional unit of the human body.

Question 5

Consist of similar cells working together.

Answer 5

Tissue Level

Question 6

Organ Level

Answer 6

Made up of different types of tissues.

Question 7

System Level

Answer 7

Group of different organs working closely together to perform a function.

Question 8

Made up of different organ systems.

Answer 8

Organismal Level

Question 9

Regional

Answer 9

All structures in a particular region of the body. e.g., leg region.

Question 10

11 Organ systems in the body

Answer 10

Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive (Male and Female) System

Question 11

Breaks down molecules into smaller unit.

Answer 11

Catabolism

Question 12

Anabolism

Answer 12

Construct molecules from smaller units.

Question 13

Requirements for life

Answer 13

Nutrients, Oxygen, Water, Normal Body Temperature, and Atmospheric Pressure

Question 14

Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury.

Answer 14

Integumentary System

Question 15

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat

Answer 15

Skeletal System

Question 16

Responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands as the fast-acting control system of the body.

Answer 16

Nervous System

Question 17

Glands secretes hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells.

Answer 17

Endocrine System

Question 18

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc.

Answer 18

Cardiovascular System

Question 19

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Contains sites of maturation and proliferation of b cells and T cells that protect against disease-causing microbes.

Answer 19

Lymphatic System

Question 20

Supplies blood with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. Gas exchanges happen in the walls and air sacs of the lungs.

Answer 20

Respiratory System

Question 21

Breaks down food into absorbable unit that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Ingestible foodstuff are eliminated as feces.

Answer 21

Digestive System

Question 22

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-based balance of the blood.

Answer 22

Urinary System

Question 23

Overall function is to produce offspring.

Answer 23

Reproductive System

Question 24

Includes ovaries, and other associated organs, uterine tube, vagina, uterus, mammary glands.

Answer 24

Female Reproductive System

Question 25

Testis, other associated organs like prostate, penis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and vas deference.

Answer 25

Male Reproductive System

Question 26

What does this highly organized human body do?

Answer 26

Maintaining boundaries, Movement, Responsiveness/ Excitability, Digestion, Metabolism, Excretion, Reproduction, and Growth

Question 27

Set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.

Answer 27

Catabolism

Question 28

Set metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. these reactions require energy, also known as an endergonic process.

Answer 28

Anabolism

Question 29

Ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal condition even though the outside world changes continuously

Answer 29

Homeostasis

Question 30

Anatomical position where a person is laying flat on their front, face down.

Answer 30

Prone Position

Question 31

Anatomical position where a person is laying flat on their back, face up.

Answer 31

Supine Position

Question 32

Divides the body into right and left sides

Answer 32

Sagittal Plane

Question 33

Divides the body into front and back sections.

Answer 33

Coronal Plane

Question 34

Divides the body into sections left and right midline.

Answer 34

Median Plane

Question 35

Divides the body into any type of angle other than horizontal and vertical angle

Answer 35

Oblique Plane

Question 36

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

Answer 36

Superior

Question 37

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure the body; below

Answer 37

Inferior

Question 38

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Answer 38

Anterior

Question 39

Toward or at the backside of the body; behind

Answer 39

Prosterior

Question 40

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

Answer 40

Medial

Question 41

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of the body

Answer 41

Lateral

Question 42

Close to the origin of the body part

Answer 42

Proximal

Question 43

Farther from the origin of a body part

Answer 43

Distal

Question 44

toward or at the body surface. e.g., liver to skin

Answer 44

Superficial

Question 45

On the same side

Answer 45

Ipsilateral

Question 46

Away from the body surface; more internal

Answer 46

Deep

Question 47

On the opposite sides

Answer 47

Contralateral

Question 48

Smallest unit of life

Answer 48

Cells

Question 49

Nucleus

Answer 49

Organelle that controls cellular activities

Question 50

Pertains to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to the fluid within the cell

Answer 50

Hypertonic

Question 51

Pertains to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes compared to the fluid within the cell

Answer 51

Hypotonic

Question 52

The difference in concentration of a substance between two areas

Answer 52

Concentration Gradient

Question 53

The ability of a solution to change the shape of cells by altering cells; internal water volume

Answer 53

Tonicity

Question 54

Diffusion of a solvent through a membrane

Answer 54

Osmosis

Question 55

The powerplant of the cell- provides an ATP supply.

Answer 55

Mitochondria

Question 56

Sites of protein synthesis. Small dark staining granules composed of RNA and proteins.

Answer 56

Ribosomes

Question 57

Modify, concentrate and package the proteins and lipids .

Answer 57

Golgi Apparatus

Question 58

Spherical membranous sacs containing enzymes.

Answer 58

Perixisome

Question 59

Spherical membranous organelle containing activated hydraulic enzymes. Digests all kinds of biological molecules including bacteria and cell debris.

Answer 59

Lysosomes

Question 60

Intracellular fluid packed with organelles

Answer 60

Cytoplasm

Question 61

Selective permeable membrane.

Answer 61

Plasma membrane

Question 62

High specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses which enables them to: respond to stimuli and transmit electrical impulses

Answer 62

Neurons

Question 63

Non-conducting cells that support, insulates, and protect delicate neurons

Answer 63

Supporting cells / Glial / Neuroglia

Question 64

Well-vascularized tissue that is responsible for most type of body movement.

Answer 64

Muscle tissue

Question 65

Consists of one or more cells that make and secrete a particular product

Answer 65

Gland

Question 66

Product of a gland that can be aqueous, lipid or steroid-rich containing protein

Answer 66

Secretion

Question 67

Internal secretion

Answer 67

Endocrine

Question 68

External secretion

Answer 68

Exocrine

Question 69

One-celled

Answer 69

Unicellular

Question 70

Many celled

Answer 70

Multicellular

Question 72

A characteristic of the epithelium where cells fit together closely to form continuous sheets tied together by tight junctions and desmosomes

Answer 72

Specialized Contacts

Question 73

A characteristic of the epithelium where as long as epithelial cells receive adequate nutrition, cells are replaced by cell division

Answer 73

Regeneration

Question 74

Programmed cell death, rids the body of cells that are programmed to have a limited life span

Answer 74

Apoptosis

Question 75

Division of the nucleus, is the series of events that parcels out the replicated DNA of the parent cell to two daughter cells

Answer 75

Mitosis