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VTNE > Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are striated muscles located?
- stomach wall and uterus
- urinary bladder and intestine
- ciliary body of the eye
- heart and skeletal muscles

A

Heart and skeletal muscles

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2
Q

Systemic circulation is under:
- high pressure
- low pressure
- partial pressure
- equilibrium

A

High pressure

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3
Q

A pregnant mare has what kind of placentation?
- zonary
- cotyledonary
- diffuse
- discoid

A

Diffuse

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4
Q

The pressure in the systemic arteries during ventricular contraction is:
- diastolic blood pressure
- osmotic pressure
- systolic blood pressure
- low pressure

A

Systolic blood pressure

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5
Q

What hormone causes the female reproductive tract to help move spermatozoa into the oviducts?
- estrogen
- progesterone
- prolactin
- oxytocin

A

Oxytocin

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6
Q

Cardiac muscle is considered a:
- nonstriated involuntary muscle
- striated involuntary muscle
- nonstriated voluntary muscle
- striated voluntary muscle

A

Striated involuntary muscle

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7
Q

In what order does the impulse for depolarization travel through the heart?
- AV node, SA node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
- SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
- SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers, bundle of His
- AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, bundle of His

A

SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

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8
Q

A pregnant queen has what kind of placentation?
- zonary
- cotyledonary
- diffuse
- discoid

A

Zonary

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9
Q

The control of colour changes in the pigment cells of reptiles, fish, and amphibians is associated with which hormone?
- FSH
- LH
- MSH
- TSH

A

MSH

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10
Q

The wave on an electrocardiogram that is associated with the atrial wall depolarization is the:
- PR interval
- T wave
- QRS complex
- P wave

A

P wave

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11
Q

The SA nose is located in the wall of which chamber?
- left atrium
- left ventricle
- right atrium
- right ventricle

A

Right atrium

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12
Q

The muscular sphincter located between the stomach and the duodenum is the:
- pylorus
- cardia
- chyme
- rugae

A

Pylorus

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13
Q

The type of cell responsible for the transmission of impulses through the nervous system is the:
- neuroglia
- Schwann
- neuron
- oligodendrocyte

A

Neuron

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14
Q

Dogs demonstrate what type of estrous cycle?
- polyestrous
- seasonally polyestrous
- diestrus
- monoestrous

A

Diestrus

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15
Q

What system is anatomically composed of the brain and spinal cord?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system

A

Central nervous system

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16
Q

Functions that an animal does not have to consciously control, such as peristalsis in the intestine, are influenced by the:
- somatic nervous system
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- autonomic nervous system

A

Autonomic nervous system

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17
Q

The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves are anatomically part of what system?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system

A

Peripheral nervous system

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18
Q

Sensory nerves are considered:
- efferent motor nerves
- motor nerves
- efferent nerves
- afferent nerves

A

Afferent nerves

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19
Q

When a stimulus is strong enough to cause complete depolarization, it has reached:
- threshold
- repolarization
- refractory period
- action potential

A

Threshold

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20
Q

What happens within the neurons that allows local anesthetics to be effective?
- potassium gates open
- the charge within the cell becomes positive
- the charge within the cell becomes negative
- sodium channels become blocked

A

Sodium channels become blocked

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21
Q

Smooth muscles can be found in the:
- heart
- stomach
- pelvic limb
- diaphragm

A

Stomach

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22
Q
A

Smooth an cardiac

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23
Q

Cattle and swine display what type of estrous cycle?

24
Q

What species is an induced ovulator?

25
In what stage of the estrous cycle does the corpus luteum develop?
Metestrus
26
Which reaction is the result of sympathetic nervous system stimulation?
Dilated pupils
27
The hormone produced by a developing ovarian follicle is:
Estrogen
28
To achieve a normal pregnancy, the blastocyst attaches to which structure?
Endometrium
29
From the cycle to parturition, in what order are the following hormones released? estrogen, oxytocin, progesterone
Estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin
30
31
All of the following are types of chorion attachments except: diffuse, cotyledonary, zonary, polycyton
Diffuse
32
A pregnant bitch has what kind of placentation?
Zonary
33
The canine uterus is shaped like the letter:
Y
34
How many mammary glands are typically found on a bitch?
8-12
35
Which reaction is the result of a parasympathetic nervous system stimulation?
Decreased heart rate
36
The neurotransmitter that is most responsible for the "fight or flight" reaction is:
Epinephrine
37
In the healthy heart, the heartbeat is initiated by the:
SA node
38
On an electrocardiogram, the 'T' wave is most closely associated with:
Ventricular repolarization
39
On inspiration, the pressure in the thoracic cavity, as compared with ambient air pressure is:
Negative
40
Int he healthy awake cat, the primary stimulus within blood for respiration is
Increased CO2
41
An increased PCV could be indicative of:
Dehydration
42
Apnea will cause:
Respiratory acidosis
43
Which of the following nutrients can be used for gluconeogenesis?
Amino acids
44
Cataracts result from a problem with transparency of the:
Lens
45
Within the eye, the choroid is located between which 2 structures?
Sclera and retina
46
Which of the following are considered to be a category of lipids?
Neutral fats, steroids, and phospholipids
47
Which of the following processes is not a function of insulin? increased glucose transport into muscle, lipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, increased blood pressure
Increased blood pressure
48
Which endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets produce the hormone glucagon?
Alpha cells
49
Long-term use of glucocorticoids will: increase lymphocyte production, increase plasma protein levels, suppress the immune system, or decrease blood glucose levels
Suppress the immune system
50
Nociceptors are important for detecting:
Pain
51
The sensation of hunger falls under which general sense?
Visceral sensation
52
The vagus nerve is cranial nerve ______?
X
53
The cranial nerves originate from the _____?
Brainstem
54
Glaucoma is:
Increased pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye
55
Aqueous humor is formed in which chamber of the eye?
Posterior chamber
56
Clients should be cautioned against sticking Q-tips in ears of their pets because they could rupture the: - Oval window - Round window - Cochlea - Tympanic membrane
Tympanic membrane
57
Which condition would be typical of hypothyroidism? - decreased water consumption - oily hair coat - very active - weight gain
Weight gain

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