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VTNE > Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Where are striated muscles located?
- stomach wall and uterus
- urinary bladder and intestine
- ciliary body of the eye
- heart and skeletal muscles

A

Heart and skeletal muscles

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2
Q

Systemic circulation is under:
- high pressure
- low pressure
- partial pressure
- equilibrium

A

High pressure

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3
Q

A pregnant mare has what kind of placentation?
- zonary
- cotyledonary
- diffuse
- discoid

A

Diffuse

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4
Q

The pressure in the systemic arteries during ventricular contraction is:
- diastolic blood pressure
- osmotic pressure
- systolic blood pressure
- low pressure

A

Systolic blood pressure

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5
Q

What hormone causes the female reproductive tract to help move spermatozoa into the oviducts?
- estrogen
- progesterone
- prolactin
- oxytocin

A

Oxytocin

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6
Q

Cardiac muscle is considered a:
- nonstriated involuntary muscle
- striated involuntary muscle
- nonstriated voluntary muscle
- striated voluntary muscle

A

Striated involuntary muscle

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7
Q

In what order does the impulse for depolarization travel through the heart?
- AV node, SA node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
- SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
- SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers, bundle of His
- AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, bundle of His

A

SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

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8
Q

A pregnant queen has what kind of placentation?
- zonary
- cotyledonary
- diffuse
- discoid

A

Zonary

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9
Q

The control of colour changes in the pigment cells of reptiles, fish, and amphibians is associated with which hormone?
- FSH
- LH
- MSH
- TSH

A

MSH

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10
Q

The wave on an electrocardiogram that is associated with the atrial wall depolarization is the:
- PR interval
- T wave
- QRS complex
- P wave

A

P wave

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11
Q

The SA nose is located in the wall of which chamber?
- left atrium
- left ventricle
- right atrium
- right ventricle

A

Right atrium

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12
Q

The muscular sphincter located between the stomach and the duodenum is the:
- pylorus
- cardia
- chyme
- rugae

A

Pylorus

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13
Q

The type of cell responsible for the transmission of impulses through the nervous system is the:
- neuroglia
- Schwann
- neuron
- oligodendrocyte

A

Neuron

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14
Q

Dogs demonstrate what type of estrous cycle?
- polyestrous
- seasonally polyestrous
- diestrus
- monoestrous

A

Diestrus

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15
Q

What system is anatomically composed of the brain and spinal cord?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system

A

Central nervous system

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16
Q

Functions that an animal does not have to consciously control, such as peristalsis in the intestine, are influenced by the:
- somatic nervous system
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- autonomic nervous system

A

Autonomic nervous system

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17
Q

The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves are anatomically part of what system?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system

A

Peripheral nervous system

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18
Q

Sensory nerves are considered:
- efferent motor nerves
- motor nerves
- efferent nerves
- afferent nerves

A

Afferent nerves

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19
Q

When a stimulus is strong enough to cause complete depolarization, it has reached:
- threshold
- repolarization
- refractory period
- action potential

A

Threshold

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20
Q

What happens within the neurons that allows local anesthetics to be effective?
- potassium gates open
- the charge within the cell becomes positive
- the charge within the cell becomes negative
- sodium channels become blocked

A

Sodium channels become blocked

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21
Q

Smooth muscles can be found in the:
- heart
- stomach
- pelvic limb
- diaphragm

A

Stomach

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22
Q
A

Smooth an cardiac

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23
Q

Cattle and swine display what type of estrous cycle?

A

Polyestrous

24
Q

What species is an induced ovulator?

A

Feline

25
Q

In what stage of the estrous cycle does the corpus luteum develop?

A

Metestrus

26
Q

Which reaction is the result of sympathetic nervous system stimulation?

A

Dilated pupils

27
Q

The hormone produced by a developing ovarian follicle is:

A

Estrogen

28
Q

To achieve a normal pregnancy, the blastocyst attaches to which structure?

A

Endometrium

29
Q

From the cycle to parturition, in what order are the following hormones released? estrogen, oxytocin, progesterone

A

Estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin

30
Q
A
31
Q

All of the following are types of chorion attachments except: diffuse, cotyledonary, zonary, polycyton

A

Diffuse

32
Q

A pregnant bitch has what kind of placentation?

A

Zonary

33
Q

The canine uterus is shaped like the letter:

A

Y

34
Q

How many mammary glands are typically found on a bitch?

A

8-12

35
Q

Which reaction is the result of a parasympathetic nervous system stimulation?

A

Decreased heart rate

36
Q

The neurotransmitter that is most responsible for the “fight or flight” reaction is:

A

Epinephrine

37
Q

In the healthy heart, the heartbeat is initiated by the:

A

SA node

38
Q

On an electrocardiogram, the ‘T’ wave is most closely associated with:

A

Ventricular repolarization

39
Q

On inspiration, the pressure in the thoracic cavity, as compared with ambient air pressure is:

A

Negative

40
Q

Int he healthy awake cat, the primary stimulus within blood for respiration is

A

Increased CO2

41
Q

An increased PCV could be indicative of:

A

Dehydration

42
Q

Apnea will cause:

A

Respiratory acidosis

43
Q

Which of the following nutrients can be used for gluconeogenesis?

A

Amino acids

44
Q

Cataracts result from a problem with transparency of the:

A

Lens

45
Q

Within the eye, the choroid is located between which 2 structures?

A

Sclera and retina

46
Q

Which of the following are considered to be a category of lipids?

A

Neutral fats, steroids, and phospholipids

47
Q

Which of the following processes is not a function of insulin? increased glucose transport into muscle, lipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, increased blood pressure

A

Increased blood pressure

48
Q

Which endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets produce the hormone glucagon?

A

Alpha cells

49
Q

Long-term use of glucocorticoids will: increase lymphocyte production, increase plasma protein levels, suppress the immune system, or decrease blood glucose levels

A

Suppress the immune system

50
Q

Nociceptors are important for detecting:

A

Pain

51
Q

The sensation of hunger falls under which general sense?

A

Visceral sensation

52
Q

The vagus nerve is cranial nerve ______?

A

X

53
Q

The cranial nerves originate from the _____?

A

Brainstem

54
Q

Glaucoma is:

A

Increased pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye

55
Q

Aqueous humor is formed in which chamber of the eye?

A

Posterior chamber

56
Q

Clients should be cautioned against sticking Q-tips in ears of their pets because they could rupture the:
- Oval window
- Round window
- Cochlea
- Tympanic membrane

A

Tympanic membrane

57
Q

Which condition would be typical of hypothyroidism?
- decreased water consumption
- oily hair coat
- very active
- weight gain

A

Weight gain

VTNE (1 decks)

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