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Prosthodontics > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Changes in Physical Appearance

A 
Collapsed or decreased facial height
Prognathic mandible
Collapsed lips and cheeks
Wide tongue
Deepening of nasolabial grooves
Angular cheilitis
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2
Q

If you lose the teeth you are left with this space

A

Denture Space

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3
Q

Extraoral Exam

A

Facial contours and symmetries
Appearance of the teeth and their relationship with the lips
Function and pattern of jaw movements
Palpation of tmjs

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4
Q

Intraoral Exam

A

Surface qualityand contours of the tissues

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5
Q

The outline of the hollow denture space

A

Neutral zone

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6
Q

What is a neutral zone

A

Potential space between the cheeks and the lips on one side, tongue on the other
Forces between the tongue and cheeks or lips are equal
Teeth were located before

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7
Q

Surfaces to be covered by the neutral zone

A

Basal seat
Denture borders
Polished surface

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8
Q

Vertical dimension

A

Distance between upper and lower arches

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9
Q

Since there are no teeth, centric occlusion cannot be observed to find the right position of the mandible thus we will use

A

Positional relationship

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10
Q

3 CD reqments

A

Biologic
Mechanical
Esthetics

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11
Q

3 biomechanical reqments

A

Retention
Stability
Support

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12
Q

Sources of retention and stability

A

Saliva
Peripheral seal
Neutral zone

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13
Q

Primary source of retention

A

Saliva

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14
Q

What is cohesion

A

Attraction between same or like molecules

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15
Q

Adhesion

A

Atrraction between different molecules

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16
Q

Surface tension

A

Ability of fluid to become thin and establish a surface that is smaller

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17
Q

How to enhance retention

A

Make the space as small as possible between the mucosa and denture space through making an accurate copy

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18
Q

Saliva interface requirements

A

Thin interface
Well adapted
Accurate copy of impression

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19
Q

How to determine the peripheral border seal extent

A 
Know the functional limit
Accurate copy
Border molding
Limiting anatomical structures
Functional movements
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20
Q

Stability

A

Vertically oriented surfaces to prevent horizontal dislodgement

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21
Q

Structures for stability

A

Slopes

Walls

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22
Q

Support structures

A

Horizontally oriented surfaces such as

Bone
Buccal shelfs
Mucosa

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23
Q

Stress bearing mucosa area characteristics

A

Highly keratinized
Thick but firm
Smooth
Enough bone support

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24
Q

Supporting bone stress bearing areas characteristics

A

Thick and firm
Smooth
Highly resistant to resorption
Highly keratinized

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25
Q

Orientation of stress bearing areas

A

Perpendicular to masticatory forces

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26
Q

Production of individual sounds in connected discourse

Movement and placement during speech of the organs that serve to interrupt or modify the voiced or unvoiced stream into meaningful words

Performed through movements of lower jaw, lips, tongue, soft palate

A

Speech articulation

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27
Q

Rapid periodic opening and closing of the glottis through separation and apposition of the vocal cords that accompanied by breath under lung pressure constitute a source of vocal sound

A

Phonation

28
Q

Vertical y axis

A

Facial midline

29
Q

Horizontal x-axis

A

Interpupillary line

30
Q

Submucosa characteristics for stress bearing areas

A

CT that varies from dense to loose areolar

31
Q

Characteristics of maxillary primary load bearing areas

A

Rounded and broad crest
Large, wide tuberosities
Nearly horizontal slopes

32
Q

Delineates the movable soft palate from immovable soft palate

Positioned 1-2 mm anterior to the fovea palatinae

A

Vibrating line

33
Q

Part of impression tray that provides the replication of glandular zone

A

Apron

34
Q

Most favorable palata vault configuration

A

Dome shaped

35
Q

Soft palatal form best in terms of retention and stability

A

Class 2 (45 degrees)

36
Q

Maxillary Primary load bearing areas

A

Horizontal surface of the hard palate

Maxillary tuberosity

37
Q

What will happen to severly resorbed maxillary tuberosity

A

Slide forward of dentures

38
Q

What structure is considerably secondary load bearing areas due to possible resorption

A

Favorable crests and slopes of residual ridges

39
Q

Secondary load bearing areas of the maxilla

A

Favorable crests and slopes of residual ridges

Rugae

40
Q

Corrugated tissue side of the denture increases the surface area

A

Rugae

41
Q

Maxillary non stress bearing areas

A 
Incisive foramen
Median palatine raphe
Torus palatinus
Spine of greater palatine foramen
Unfavorable residual crests, slopes and tuberosity
42
Q

This space compromises the seal created by saliva

A

Relief

43
Q

Nonstress bearing areas containing nasopalatine nerve

A

Incisive foramen

44
Q

Stable positional reference in establishing midline of the faces and position of pontics

A

Incisive foramen

45
Q

Mucosa is thin due to prominence of bone, painful when compressed

A

Median palatine raphe

46
Q

Attachment levels of frenum

A

Vestibular
Crestal
Intermediate

47
Q

Most favorable frenal attachment

A

Vestibular

48
Q

Muscle responsible for connection of

Labial frenum
Labial vestibule
Buccal frena some parts

A

Orbicularis oris

49
Q

Buccintor muscle is concerned with

A 
Buccal frena (main muscle)
Buccal vestibule
50
Q

Form the dividing line between labial and buccal vestibules

A

Buccal frena

51
Q

Deepest area of buccal vestibule

A

Distobuccal maxillary tuberosity

52
Q

Influence of the coronoid process of mandible

A

Thickness of the buccal flange

53
Q

Deepest area

Distal limit of the buccal vestibule

A

Hamular notch

54
Q

Other name of hamular notch

A

Pterygomaxillary notch

55
Q

More posterior to hamular notch connecting it to posterior of retromolar pad

A

Pterygomandibular raphe

56
Q

Say ahhhh

A

Vibrating lines

57
Q

Stress bearing areas of the mandible

A

Retromolar pad

Buccal shelf

58
Q

Secondary load bearing areas of mandible

A

Residual ridges

59
Q

Lower anterior segment is unfavorable due to

A

More prone to resorption due to greater amount of spongy type of bone and thin and narrow anatomy

60
Q

Found bet first and second lower premolar when force is applied results into tingling sensation

A

Mental foramen

61
Q

Bony prominence that runs horizontally thru the lingual surface from anterior to posterior

Slopes upward to posterior

A

Mylohyoid line and tubercle

62
Q

Behind the slope of the mylohyoid ridge

A

Retromylohyoid fossa

63
Q

Anatomy that will serve as landmark how far the mandi buccal extension is

A

External oblique ridge

64
Q

Class one px exhibits residual mand bone height of at least

A

21 mm

65
Q

Class 2 px presents at least the height of

A

16-20 mm

66
Q

Class 4 patients present

A

Less than 10 mm

Prosthodontics (1 decks)

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