ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - MODULE 1 & 2

Question 1

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart,
lungs, kidneys

Answer 2

Gross Anatomy

Question 3

All structures in particular region of the body (abdomen or leg region)

Answer 3

Regional

Question 4

Body structures are examined system by system (cardiovascular, neuro, nephron
etc)

Answer 4

Systemic

Question 5

The study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface

Answer 5

Surface

Question 6

Deals with structures to small to be seen by the naked eye(cytology,
histology)

Answer 6

Microscopic

Question 7

Traces structural changes that occur throughout the life spa

Answer 7

Developmental

Question 8

Studies the function of the body, how the body parts work
and carry out their life-sustaining activities

Answer 8

Physiology

Question 9

An inability of the body to
restore a functional, stable
internal environment

Answer 9

Homeostatic Imbalance

Question 10

Study of the chemical composition and
reactions of living matter

Answer 10

Biochemistry

Question 11

Contains carbon and made by living things

Answer 11

Organic Compounds

Question 12

Compounds that lack carbon except carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide

Answer 12

Inorganic Compounds

Question 13

The most abundant and important inorganic compound in living material

Answer 13

Water

Question 14

Directional term for back

Answer 14

Posterior

Question 15

Directional Term: Both organs are affected

Answer 15

Bilateral

Question 16

It is the back of the hand

Answer 16

Dorsum

Question 17

Region where the thigh or femur (femoral bone) is found

Answer 17

Femoral Region

Question 18

Front leg

Answer 18

Anterior Leg Region

Question 19

Directional term: away from head to trunk

Answer 19

Distal

Question 20

Directional term: towards the midline

Answer 20

Medial

Question 21

The smallest unit of life

Answer 21

Cells

Question 22

Selectively permeable barrier

Answer 22

Plasma Membrane

Question 23

An intracellular fluid packed with organelles

Answer 23

Cytoplasm

Question 24

An organelle that controls cellular activities

Answer 24

Nucleus

Question 25

It includes interstitial fluids, blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF

Answer 25

ECF (extracellular fluid)

Question 26

These are substances that aid in digestion (gastric fluids) or act as lubricants (saliva)

Answer 26

Cellular Secretions

Question 27

The most abundant material, jellylike substance composed of proteins and polysaccharides

Answer 27

Extracellular matrix (ECM)

Question 28

It forms the fabric of the membrane (Phospholipid + cholesterol)

Answer 28

Membrane Lipids

Question 29

Allows the membrane to communicate with its environment, responsible for specialized membrane function

Answer 29

Membrane Proteins

Question 30

It determines which substances enters or exit the cell

Answer 30

Selective Permeability

Question 31

Cell surface carbohydrates allow cells to recognize each other

Answer 31

Cell Recognition

Question 32

Refers to the ability of a solution to change the shape of cells by altering the cells; internal water volume

Answer 32

Tonicity

Question 33

It contains a higher concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than are present inside the cells, making the cell lose water by osmosis and shrink

Answer 33

Hypertonic Solutions

Question 34

Powerplants of the cell, providing ATP supply

Answer 34

Mitochondria

Question 35

Modify, concentrate and package the proteins and lipids Stacked, flattened membranous sacs associated with tiny membranous vesicles

Answer 35

Golgi Apparatus

Question 36

It is the system of organelles that work together mainly to produce, degrade, store, and export biological molecules

Answer 36

Endomembrane System

Question 37

Elaborate network of rods running through the cytosol and hundreds of accessory proteins that link these rods to other cell structure

Answer 37

Cystoskeleton

Question 38

Control center and contains the instructions to build nearly all the body’s proteins

Answer 38

Nucleus

Question 39

Series of changes a cell goes through from the time it is formed until it reproduces

Answer 39

Cell Cycle

Question 40

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related functio

Answer 40

Tissue