Anatomy and Physiology of RESP System

Question 1

Main functions of the RESP system are to?

Answer 1

1) Provide constant supply of O
2) Remove CO2 as it builds up

Question 2

RESP system also ________, ________ and ______ _______ _______

Answer 2

cleans, warms and humidfies inspired air

Question 3

Four Stages of Respiration

Answer 3

Pulmonary Ventilation, External Respiration, Transport of RESP gasses, Internal Respiration

Question 4

Upper RESP tract?

Answer 4

Nose, Pharynx, Larynx

Question 5

Lower RESP Tract?

Answer 5

Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles

Question 6

Mucosa is a ______ that lines most of the ____ ______ ______ in the RESP system and contains mucus secreting ______ ______

Answer 6

membrane, air distribution tubes, goblet cells

Question 7

Mucosa has three functions, what are they?

Answer 7

1) warms and humidifies air
2) secretes mucus that traps dust and other small particles
3) cilia move mucus towards pharynx where it is swallowed or expectorated

Question 8

Pharynx is commonly called the ?

Answer 8

Throat

Question 9

THe larynx, aka _____ ______, is involved in ______, _____ and _______.

Answer 9

Voice box, eating, breathing, speech

Question 10

Nose does 5 things, name 3.

Answer 10

1) FIlters and cleans air
2) Moistens and warms air
3) Provides access to the airway for respiration
4) serves as resonating chamber for speech
5) houses the receptors for smell

Question 11

Larynx does three things, what are they?

Answer 11

provides open airway for throat, acts as switching mechanism to route air and food to proper channel, produces voice

Question 12

Trachea, or _______’s main function is to provide part of the pathway to _________ _____ to reach the _______.

Answer 12

windpipe, enable air, lungs

Question 13

What are alveoli?

Answer 13

thin-walled air sacs

Question 14

The right lung has ___ lobes and is ______ than the left

Answer 14

3, larger

Question 15

Each lobe is supplied by ________ and ________ _________and is enclosed by _______ _________

Answer 15

blood and lymphatic vessels, connective tissue

Question 16

__________ __________, or breathing, is the process that moves air into and out of the lungs

Answer 16

Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 17

Two processes involved in breathing are?

Answer 17

Inspiration, Expiration

Question 18

The exchange of gases between the blood and alveoli

Answer 18

External respiration

Question 19

Internal respiration is?

Answer 19

exchange of gases that occurs between the capillary blood in the tissues and the body cells

Question 20

During ______ _______ , the ____ is the amount of air that is moved into or out of the lungs during a complete normal respiratory cycle

Answer 20

normal respiration, TV

Question 21

What is Spirometry?

Answer 21

a key method for measuring loss of respiratory function, assessing lung function at a particular point in time, or over time, or measuring the outcome of respiratory treatment

Question 22

The respiratory centers in the brainstem do what?

Answer 22

stimulate specific nerves to initiate inspiration and expiration

Question 23

Two types of receptors that can also affect respiration are the

Answer 23

chemoreceptors and stretch receptors

Question 24

FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, and TLC are used to measure

Answer 24

A patients breathing capacity

Question 25

1. What is the term used to describe the exchange of gases between the blood and alveoli? a) Pulmonary ventilation b) External respiration c) Internal respiration d) Transport respiration

Answer 25

b

Question 26

2. Which of the following describes the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the alveolar-capillary membrane? a) Active transport b) Diffusion c) Osmosis d) Capillary action

Answer 26

b

Question 27

3. Which of the following is not a measurement of respiratory function? a) FVC b) FEV1 c) TV d) Sodium

Answer 27

d

Question 28

4. Which of the following is the most potent stimulus to respiration? a) O2 b) CO2 c) pH d) RBCs

Answer 28

b

Question 29

5. What is the term used to describe the volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during a respiratory cycle? a) Residual volume b) Tidal volume c) Peak air flow d) Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 29

b

Question 30

6. Which of the following is a description of forced vital capacity (FVC)? a) The amount of air expelled when an individual takes a deep breath and forcefully exhales maximally and as quickly as possible b) A measurement to determine a patient’s ventilation status c) The volume of air that remains in the lungs following exhalation of tidal volume d) The volume of air that remains in the lungs at all times

Answer 30

a

Question 31

7. Which of the following does NOT describe FEV1? a) The maximal volume that can be expired in a specific time b) One of the most common measurements used to determine a patient’s breathing capacity c) Is lower in patients with obstructive disease d) Is higher in patients with restrictive disease

Answer 31

d

Question 32

1. Which of the following includes the components of the upper respiratory tract? a) Nose, pharynx, and trachea b) Pharynx, larynx, and trachea c) Bronchi, trachea, and pharynx d) Nose, pharynx, and larynx

Answer 32

d

Question 33

2. Which of the following includes the components of the lower respiratory tract? a) Trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles b) Bronchi, bronchioles, and nose c) Trachea, larynx, and bronchioles d) Trachea, bronchioles, and pharynx

Answer 33

a

Question 34

3. Which is the correct pattern of the branching of the bronchial tree? a) Trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli b) Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli c) Trachea, alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles d) Trachea, bronchi, alveoli, bronchioles

Answer 34

b

Question 35

4. What is the size of bronchiole passageways? a) ≤1 mm in diameter b) ≤2 mm in diameter c) ≤3 mm in diameter d) ≤4 mm in diameter

Answer 35

a

Question 36

5. Which of the following is NOT a reason why alveoli are effective at exchanging gas? a) Thin walls b) Close contact with capillaries c) Increased surface tension along alveoli walls d) Provide large surface area

Answer 36

c